Table 1.
Demographics and Neuropsychological Test Scores
| YA (n=25) | OA (n=25) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean | SD | Mean | SD | |
| Age (years)** | 20.0 | 2.2 | 74.6 | 6.3 |
| Sex (Male, Female) | 6, 19 | 9, 16 | ||
| Education (years)* | 14.0 | 2.1 | 15.7 | 2.4 |
| PSQI | 3.8 | 2.0 | 3.6 | 2.3 |
| Prior Night Sleep (hours) | 7.75 | 1.11 | 7.81 | 1.10 |
| WAIS-IV Digit Span Forward | 12.2 | 2.2 | 12.2 | 2.3 |
| WAIS-IV Digit Span Back | 10.5 | 2.1 | 9.8 | 2.1 |
| WAIS-IV Digit Sequence* | 10.4 | 1.6 | 9.1 | 1.3 |
| WAIS-IV Scaled | 12.7 | 2.7 | 13.7 | 1.9 |
| DKEFS Letter Fluency | 47.0 | 9.0 | 46.3 | 10.3 |
| DKEFS Category Fluency | 45.0 | 4.1 | 46.4 | 9.6 |
| DKEFS Category Switch** | 16.1 | 2.8 | 13.3 | 3.0 |
| DKEFS Switch Accuracy* | 15.4 | 2.9 | 12.6 | 3.0 |
| Trails A Time (sec)** | 23.2 | 7.4 | 37.9 | 8.7 |
| Trails B Time (sec)** | 45.1 | 11.9 | 79.3 | 29.8 |
| MMSE | -- | -- | 28.9 | 1.0 |
| RBANS Total | -- | -- | 111.5 | 11.5 |
| ANART | -- | -- | 121.1 | 4.3 |
| GDS | -- | -- | 3.8 | 3.4 |
| CRIq Totalab | -- | -- | 133.9 | 16.1 |
*=
p < .01;
**
p < 0.001;
YA=Young Adults; OA=Older Adults; SD= Standard deviation; PSQI = Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index; WAIS = Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale; DKEFS = Delis-Kaplan Executive Function System; MMSE = Mini-Mental State Examination; RBANS = Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status; ANART = American National Adult Reading Test; GDS = Geriatric Depression Scale; CRIq = Cognitive Reserve Index questionnaire;
a
Low: < 70; Medium Low: 70–84; Medium: 85–114; Medium High: 115–130; High: >130 (Nucci et al., 2012);
b
Score range: 105–178