Table 2.
Details of studies employing different 3D printed hydrogels and their outcomes.
| S No | Author | Composition | Tissue | Study Model | Outcomes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Cui93 2019 | Tough polyion complex hydrogel was synthesized with multiwalled carbon nanotubes with rat bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells | Bone | calvarial defect of Sprague-Dawley rats | -exhibited good biocompatibility and facilitated osteogenic differentiation of rBMSCs. |
| 2 | Visscher78 2019 | Hybrid alginate hydrogel/poly (ε-caprolactone) | Auricular cartilage | -High cell survival -Improved mechanical strength -Enhanced chondrogenesis |
|
| 3 | Zhou94 2019 | Alpha-beta titanium alloy (Ti6Al4V) with Cell matrix hydrogel and adipose derived stem cells | Bone | full-thickness mandibular defect rat | -enhanced osteogenic differentiation |
| 4 | Zhang95 2020 | PCL/hydrogel composite scaffolds loaded with dual bioactive small molecules (resveratrol and strontium ranelate) | Bone | rat model with a critical-sized mandibular bone defect | -Enhanced angiogenesis and inhibited osteoclast activities, -Synergistically promoted MSC osteogenic differentiation |
| 5 | Kuss96 2020 |
Polycaprolactone/hydroxyapatite scaffolds coated with Human adipose derived mesenchymal stem cells and human umbilical vein endothelial cells encapsulated within bioactive hydrogels | subcutaneously implanted into nude mice | -Facilitated microvessel and lumen formation and promoted anastomosis of vascular networks of human origin with host murine vasculature |