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. 2020 Sep 9;42:101079. doi: 10.1016/j.molmet.2020.101079

Figure 4.

Figure 4

Altered hypothalamic development is associated with disrupted feeding control and increased adiposity in offspring of obese mothers in adulthood. A) Quantitative real-time PCR analysis of Npy and Pomc in arcuate nucleus of 8-week-old mice (A.U., expressed as relative to Off-C, n = 5–6) B) Number of POMC-positive cells in arcuate nucleus of 8-week-old mice as asssessed by immunofluorescence (A.U., expressed as relative to Off-C, n = 5–6) C) Representative images of POMC staining in the ARC of 8 week old offspring of control and obese mothers (scale bar = 100 μm) D) Ad lib intake of chow pellet in offspring at 6 and 8 weeks of age (A.U., expressed as relative to Off-C, n = 15) E) 6-h cumulative food intake of chow pellet after overnight fast (kCal, n = 7–10) F) Ad lib intake of HFD pellet in offspring at 6 and 8 weeks of age (A.U., expressed as relative to Off-C, n = 20) G) Adipose tissue mass as percentage of total body weight in offspring at 6 and 8 weeks of age (n = 13, 12, 20, 13) H) Body weight in offspring at 6 and 8 weeks of age (n = 14, 13, 21, 15). A-F) Off-C = white bars, Off-Ob = black bars. G&H) Off-C chow = white bars, Off-Ob chow = black bars, Off-C HFD = white patterned bars, Off-Ob HFD = black patterned bars. Data are presented as mean +/− SEM. ∗p < 0.05,∗∗p < 0.01, ∗∗∗∗p < 0.0001. Outlier was excluded from (A) Npy; Off-Ob (Grubb's method, alpha = 0.2, G = 1.739, outlier excluded value 0.08), and (E) Off-C (Grubb's method, alpha = 0.2, G = 2.512, outlier excluded value = 29.6).