TABLE 2.
NPAAS-FS whole-serum CIR and serum amino acid CIRs in the complete study sample and by tertile of added sugar intake1
| Added sugar intake, g/d | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Characteristics | Complete sample | Tertile 1 (<0.38.7) | Tertile 2 (38.7–56.4) | Tertile 3 (>56.4) | P 2 |
| CIR of whole serum, ‰3 | −19.9 (−20.4, −19.6) | −20.0 (−20.3, −19.6) | −20.0 (−20.5, −19.6) | −19.9 (−20.3, −19.6) | 0.60 |
| CIRs of serum NEAAs, ‰ | |||||
| Alanine | −20.8 (−21.8, −19.8) | −21.3 (−22.1, −20.4) | −20.7 (−21.8, −19.8) | −20.2 (−21.1, −19.4) | 0.0004 |
| Glycine | −9.4 (−11.2, −7.3) | −9.1 (−10.4, −6.4) | −9.3 (−11.3, −7.4) | −10.2 (−11.6, −7.9) | 0.07 |
| Proline | −17.0 (−17.7, −16.3) | −16.9 (−17.5, −16.5) | −17.0 (−17.7, −16.3) | −17.1 (−17.7, −16.3) | 0.93 |
| CIRs of serum EAAs, ‰ | |||||
| Isoleucine | −21.2 (−21.9, −20.6) | −21.1 (−21.9, −20.3) | −21.2 (−21.7, −20.5) | −21.3 (−22.1, −20.7) | 0.74 |
| Leucine | −26.2 (−26.7, −25.7) | −26.2 (−26.7, −25.5) | −26.2 (−27.0, −25.7) | −26.3 (−26.8, −25.7) | 0.57 |
| Phenylalanine | −25.5 (−26.0, −25.1) | −25.5 (−26.0, −25.1) | −25.5 (−26.0, −25.2) | −25.6 (−26.0, −25.1) | 0.85 |
| Valine | −23.9 (−24.5, −23.1) | −23.9 (−24.5, −23.0) | −23.7 (−24.6, −23.0) | −24.1 (−24.4, −23.3) | 0.76 |
1
Data are presented as median (IQR). CIR, carbon isotope ratio; EAA, essential amino acid; NEAA, nonessential amino acid; NPAAS-FS, Nutrition and Physical Activity Assessment Study Feeding Study (n = 145).
2
Differences across tertiles of added sugar intake were assessed with a Kruskall–Wallis test; P < 0.05 was considered significant.
3
CIR is expressed as δ13C values; δ13C = (Rsample/Rstandard − 1) × 1000‰, where R = 13C/12C and the standard is Vienna Pee Dee Belemnite (V-PDB).