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. 2020 Sep 30;16(9):e1009029. doi: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1009029

Fig 6. Differential regulation of IL2 branching during dauer compared to PVD/FLP branching in non-dauer animals.

Fig 6

Model of the molecular pathways of dendrite arborization during dauer (left) and PVD/FLPs during reproductive development (right). In both cell types, DMA-1 controls arborization. However, in the PVDs, the DMA-1 complex is directly regulated through IRE-1 and membrane trafficking pathways (EXOC-8 and RAB-10) [31]. In contrast, IRE-1 is only needed in the IL2s at elevated temperatures and does not appear to affect DMA-1 localization. Similarly, the EXOC-8 and RAB-10 trafficking pathways are dispensable for IL2 arborization. In non-dauer development, loss of daf-2 is able to completely bypass the requirement for ire-1 in the PVDs through activation of DAF-16 [30]. In contrast, loss of daf-2 only partially rescues the ire-1 mutant phenotypes in the dauer IL2s. Additionally, DAF-16 is independently required for proper IL2 arborization during dauer. In addition, to DAF-16, mutants in daf-18 and daf-9 lead to partial dauer phenotypes that include defective IL2 arborization. Loss of daf-15 causes a complete lack of IL2 arbors and inappropriate FLP arborization.