Table 4. Nonparametric test results.

	Change in rural-urban differencec	P value
Outcomes	(2011 vs 2014)	(Nonparametric tests)
ADLa	-0.07	<0.0001
IADLb	-0.18	<0.0001
Psychological well-being	0.10	<0.0001
Adequate access to cared	1.11	<0.0001
Total medical expenditure	-1065	0.1055
Total inpatient expenditure	-315	0.5506
Total outpatient expenditure	-795	0.0147
Total out-of-pocket expenditure	-1116	0.0007
Total inpatient out-of-pocket expenditure	-641	0.0364
Total outpatient out-of-pocket expenditure	-676	0.0002
Self-payment ratio	-11.7%	<0.0001

^aActivity of daily living.

^bInstrumental activity of daily living.

^cChange in rural-urban difference = Adjusted difference in 2011 –Adjusted difference in 2014.

^dChange in rural-urban difference of adequate access to care is odds ratio (Change in rural-urban difference in coefficient of access to care = 0.102).