Table 1.
Clinical characteristics of hvKp infection.
| Community-acquired infection (n = 10) |
Healthcare-associated infection (n = 31) |
Nosocomial infection (n = 117) |
|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Clinical characteristic | HvKp(7) | cKp(3) | HvKp(19) | cKp(12) | HvKp(53) | cKp(64) | P value※ |
| Basic demographics | |||||||
| Age | 75.29 ± 9.12 | 76.00 ± 22.52 | 76.84 ± 17.95 | 80.67 ± 11.55 | 78.21 ± 18.09 | 78.52 ± 12.65 | 0.914 |
| Metastatic infection | 2(28.6%) | 0(0%) | 8(42.1%) | 0(0%) | 21(39.6%) | 14(21.9%) | 0.037 |
| Male | 5(71.4%) | 2(66.7%) | 18(94.7%) | 11(91.7%) | 45(84.9%) | 52(81.3%) | 0.601 |
| Underlying diseases | |||||||
| Pulmonary disease | 5(71.4%) | 2(66.7%) | 16(84.2%) | 9(75.0%) | 30(56.6%) | 47(73.4%) | 0.056 |
| Diabetes | 5(71.4%) | 2(66.7%) | 11(57.9%) | 7(58.3%) | 25(47.2%) | 25(39.1%) | 0.378 |
| Cardiovascular disease | 5(71.4%) | 1(33.3%) | 10(52.6%) | 5(41.7%) | 38(71.7%) | 43(67.2%) | 0.599 |
| Cerebrovascular disease | 1(14.3%) | 0(0%) | 7(36.8%) | 6(50.0%) | 35(66.0%) | 28(43.8%) | 0.016 |
| Cancer | 1(14.3%) | 0(0%) | 5(26.3%) | 5(41.7%) | 12(22.6%) | 21(32.8%) | 0.224 |
| Surgery within 3 months | 0(0%) | 0(0%) | 3(15.8%) | 6(50.0%) | 17(32.1%) | 24(37.5%) | 0.590 |
| Digestive disease | 3(42.9%) | 0(0%) | 7(36.8%) | 5(41.7%) | 30(56.6%) | 35(54.7%) | 0.836 |
| Urinary disease | 2(28.6%) | 1(33.3%) | 3(15.8%) | 4(33.3%) | 21(39.6%) | 26(40.6%) | 0.912 |
| Usage of Glucocorticoid within 7 days | 1(14.3%) | 0(0%) | 1(5.2%) | 0(0%) | 16(30.2%) | 10(15.6%) | 0.059 |
| Antibiotics exposure within 90 d | 0(0%) | 0(0%) | 9(47.4%) | 4(33.3%) | 49(92.5%) | 61(95.3%) | 0.516 |
| Immunosuppression | 1(14.3%) | 0(0%) | 5(26.3%) | 5(41.7%) | 21(39.6%) | 30(46.9%) | 0.431 |
| Catheter | |||||||
| Central intravenous catheter | 0(0%) | 0(0%) | 8(42.1%) | 0(0%) | 42(79.2%) | 42(65.6%) | 0.103 |
| Urinary catheter | 0(0%) | 0(0%) | 7(36.8%) | 5(41.7%) | 48(90.6%) | 49(76.6%) | 0.045 |
| Endotracheal tube | 0(0%) | 0(0%) | 3(15.8%) | 0(0%) | 34(64.2%) | 30(46.9%) | 0.062 |
| Gastrostomy tube | 0(0%) | 0(0%) | 8(42.1%) | 7(58.3%) | 48(90.9%) | 48(75.0%) | 0.029 |
| Drainage tube | 0(0%) | 0(0%) | 1(5.2%) | 4(33.3%) | 19(35.8%) | 22(34.4%) | 0.868 |
| Infection type | |||||||
| Wound | 1(14.3%) | 0(0%) | 0(0%) | 1(8.3%) | 2(3.8%) | 5(7.8%) | 0.599 |
| Pneumonia | 5(71.4%) | 2(66.7%) | 13(57.9%) | 10(83.3%) | 42(79.2%) | 49(76.6%) | 0.728 |
| Urinary infection | 1(14.3%) | 1(33.3%) | 8(21.1%) | 1(8.3%) | 17(32.1%) | 17(26.6%) | 0.513 |
| Bacteremia | 0(0%) | 0(0%) | 0(0%) | 0(0%) | 6(11.3%) | 8(12.5%) | 0.845 |
| Liver abscess | 0(0%) | 0(0%) | 1(5.2%) | 0(0%) | 1(1.9%) | 2(3.1%) | 1.000 |
| Other abscess | 1(14.3%) | 0(0%) | 5(26.3%) | 0(0%) | 3(5.7%) | 1(1.6%) | 0.225 |
| Abdominal infection | 1(14.3%) | 0(0%) | 0(0%) | 0(0%) | 7(13.2%) | 7(10.9%) | 0.706 |
| Sepsis | 2(28.6%) | 0(0%) | 10(52.6%) | 4(33.3%) | 43(81.1%) | 38(59.4%) | 0.011 |
| WBC | 13.29 ± 10.72 | 9.27 ± 2.05 | 14.55 ± 11.76 | 9.03 ± 3.68 | 9.87 ± 3.77 | 11.00 ± 5.25 | 0.192 |
| NEU% | 68.00 ± 15.56 | 68.47 ± 3.88 | 73.76 ± 19.67 | 78.08 ± 9.58 | 77.22 ± 10.06 | 77.73 ± 11.30 | 0.779 |
| TP | 72.14 ± 6.34 | 64.33 ± 4.51 | 63.63 ± 14.12 | 66.27 ± 5.06 | 63.86 ± 6.39 | 64.26 ± 5.49 | 0.712 |
| ALB | 40.29 ± 3.25 | 37.33 ± 1.53 | 34.53 ± 9.38 | 34.74 ± 4.19 | 33.19 ± 3.62 | 33.33 ± 4.39 | 0.852 |
| CCI>4 | 2(28.6%) | 0(0%) | 8(42.1%) | 8(66.7%) | 29(54.7%) | 39(60.9%) | 0.497 |
| SOFA>6 | 2(28.6%) | 0(0%) | 11(57.9%) | 5(41.7%) | 35(66.0%) | 26(40.6%) | 0.006 |
| Admitted in the ICU# | 1(14.3%)# | 0(0%) | 4(21.1%)# | 1(8.3%) | 15(28.3%) | 26(40.6%) | 0.164 |
| 30 day mortality * | 1(14.3%) | 0(0%) | 1(5.2%) | 3(25.0%) | 8(15.1%) | 13(20.3%) | 0.464 |
The P value <0.05 was shown in the bold values. TP: Total protein; ALB: Albumin; WBC: White blood cell count; NEU%: Neutrophils percentage; CCI: Charlson comorbidity index; SOFA: Sequential organ failure assessment.*: Death or life-sustaining therapy withheld due to poor prognosis; #: patient with community-acquired infection or healthcare-associated infection was admitted or transferred to the ICU. ※: statistical tests were performed only for the nosocomial group.