Table 3.

Comparison of cost of upper limb procedures.

S#	Procedure (precovid/covid)	%age difference in covid era (+for increase/- for decrease	P-values	Length of stay		p-value
				Pre-covid	Covid
1.	ORIF distal radius N = 13/13			1.692 ± 1.7	1.923 ± 0.9	0.67
	Ward (n = 10/9)	+18.98%	0.13
	Semi-private (n = 2/1)	−38.2%	0.28
	Private (n = 1/3)	+2.89%	0.79
2.	LCP for humerus N = 7/5			2.29 ± 2.0	2.2 ± 1.3	0.936
	Ward (n = 5/4)	−22.84%	0.32
	Semi-private	–	–
	Private (n = 2/1)	+31.08%	0.35
3.	Radius + Ulna shaft ORIF N = 6/4			1.33 ± 0.5	1.5 ± 0.58	0.66
	Ward (n = 4/3)	−14.23%	0.38
	Semi-private (n = 2/1)	−28.8%	0.37
	Private	–	–
	Total
4.	PHILOS for humerus N = 5/4			5.2 ± 1.6	2.75 ± 0.9	0.029
	Ward (n = 3/1)	+35.1%	0.53
	Semi-private	–	–
	Private n=(2/3)	−25.86%	0.47
5.	Fractures around elbow (distal humerus and proximal ulna + radius) N = 20/5			1.75 ± 0.9	1.8 ± 1.7	0.95
	Ward (n = 15/3)	+14.05%	0.54
	Semi-private (n = 4/1)	−17.26%	0.49
	Private (1/1)	−37.26%	–
6.	Hand fractures N = 12/5			2.08 ± 1.8	1.0	0.15
	Ward (n = 11/3)	−43.09%	0.09
	Semi-private (n = 1/2)	+56.61%	0.585
	Private	–	–