Table 1.
Patient characteristics at baseline (n = 2247)
| Baseline characteristics | ICD group | Control group | Total | Standard difference | P-value | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Number of patients | 1516 | 731 | 2247 | |||||
| Female | 274 | (18.1) | 134 | (18.3) | 408 | (18.2) | −0.01 | 0.8822 |
| Region | 0.66 | <0.0001 | ||||||
| Eastern | 644 | (42.5) | 492 | (67.3) | 1136 | (50.6) | ||
| Northern | 150 | (9.9) | 35 | (4.8) | 185 | (8.2) | ||
| Southern | 90 | (5.9) | 78 | (10.7) | 168 | (7.5) | ||
| Western | 632 | (41.7) | 126 | (17.2) | 758 | (33.7) | ||
| Age (years) | 61.9 | 11.5 | 63.4 | 11.7 | 62.4 | 11.6 | −0.13 | 0.0040 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 27.8 | 5.2 | 28.3 | 5.1 | 27.9 | 5.2 | −0.10 | 0.0050 |
| Creatinine (mg/dL) | 1.156 | 0.589 | 1.225 | 0.600 | 1.179 | 0.594 | −0.12 | <0.0001 |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 74.0 | 11.1 | 75.2 | 11.2 | 74.4 | 11.1 | −0.12 | 0.0061 |
| Haemoglobin (g/dL) | 13.8 | 1.9 | 13.9 | 1.8 | 13.8 | 1.8 | −0.01 | 0.4227 |
| LVEF (%) | 27.5 | 5.6 | 29.1 | 5.5 | 28.0 | 5.6 | −0.30 | <0.0001 |
| QTc (ms) | 438.8 | 38.7 | 431.9 | 51.5 | 436.6 | 43.3 | 0.15 | 0.0015 |
| QRS (ms) | 106.3 | 17.2 | 103.8 | 18.5 | 105.4 | 17.7 | 0.14 | <0.0001 |
| Sodium (mmol/L) | 139.1 | 3.2 | 139.4 | 3.2 | 139.2 | 3.2 | −0.11 | 0.0135 |
| AF (history or present) | 370 | (24.4) | 210 | (28.7) | 580 | (25.8) | −0.10 | 0.0283 |
| COPD | 174 | (11.5) | 76 | (10.4) | 250 | (11.1) | 0.03 | 0.4453 |
| Diabetes | 458 | (30.2) | 223 | (30.5) | 681 | (30.3) | −0.01 | 0.8866 |
| Leading cardiac disease | −0.25 | <0.0001 | ||||||
| Ischaemic cardiomyopathy | 1045 | (68.9) | 416 | (56.9) | 1461 | (65.0) | ||
| Dilated cardiomyopathy | 471 | (31.1) | 315 | (43.1) | 786 | (35.0) | ||
| Malignant disease | 70 | (4.6) | 29 | (4.0) | 99 | (4.4) | 0.03 | 0.4817 |
| NYHA functional class | 0.12 | 0.0067 | ||||||
| Class I or II | 947 | (62.5) | 413 | (56.5) | 1360 | (60.5) | ||
| Class III or IV | 569 | (37.5) | 318 | (43.5) | 887 | (39.5) | ||
| Stroke or TIA | 162 | (10.7) | 61 | (8.3) | 223 | (9.9) | 0.08 | 0.0820 |
| Tobacco use | 976 | (64.4) | 343 | (46.9) | 1319 | (58.7) | 0.36 | <0.0001 |
| Amiodarone | 115 | (7.6) | 111 | (15.2) | 226 | (10.1) | −0.24 | <0.0001 |
| Digitalis glycosides | 100 | (6.6) | 60 | (8.2) | 160 | (7.1) | −0.06 | 0.1640 |
| ACE or AT1 antagonist | 1414 | (93.3) | 635 | (86.9) | 2049 | (91.2) | 0.22 | <0.0001 |
| Beta-blocker | 1436 | (94.7) | 683 | (93.4) | 2119 | (94.3) | 0.05 | 0.2167 |
| Loop diuretic | 1068 | (70.4) | 555 | (75.9) | 1623 | (72.2) | −0.12 | 0.0066 |
| MRA | 1183 | (78.0) | 506 | (69.2) | 1689 | (75.2) | 0.20 | <0.0001 |
Percentages in parentheses. Loop diuretics prescribed were furosemide, torasemide, bumetanide, or piretanide.
ACE, angiotensin-converting enzyme; AF, atrial fibrillation; AT, angiotensin; BMI, body mass index; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; LVEF, left ventricular ejection fraction; NYHA, New York Heart Association.