Fig. 3.

Stability of the outer foveal structure may be supported by a hyperreflective glial tissue band at the external limiting membrane (ELM) (arrowheads) in different types of outer macular defects. The images show scans through the fovea and parafovea in eyes of different patients. a This fovea had a gap in the central outer nuclear layer (ONL) and a hyperreflective band which sealed the gap at the ELM. b–e Four cases of a tractional disruption of the Müller cell cone in the foveola. f Foveal regeneration after a tractional detachment and disruption of the Müller cell cone in the foveola. The months after the first visit (0) are indicated left of the images. Pars plana vitrectomy with internal limiting membrane peeling was performed 1.3 months after the first visit. g Another case of a tractional disruption of the Müller cell cone. h Impending degenerative lamellar hole. The arrow indicates lamellar macular hole-associated epiretinal proliferation (LHEP). i Degenerative lamellar hole. The arrow indicates LHEP. j Foveal pseudocyst. Note the presence of both epiretinal membranes and vitreofoveal adhesion. k Tissue disruption by a foveal cyst. l Multiple development and resolution of a cyst in the fovea. m Development of a tractional lamellar hole by anteroposterior traction exerted by the partially detached posterior hyaloid. Scale bars, 200 µm. EZ, ellipsoid zone; GCL, ganglion cell layer; HFL, Henle fiber layer; INL, inner nuclear layer; IPL, inner plexiform layer; IZ, interdigitation zone; NFL, nerve fiber layer; OPL, outer plexiform layer; RPE, retinal pigment epithelium