Table 2.

Unadjusted hazard ratios (HR) and their 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) for potential predictive factors for institutionalization among frail community-dwelling older subjects (n = 1300)

	n	HR	95% CI	p value
Age (years)	1300
85–94 vs. 75–84		1.53	1.23–1.90	< 0.001
≥ 95 vs. 75–84		2.15	1.45–3.18	< 0.001
Women vs. men	1300	1.41	1.10–1.80	0.007
Living alone vs. living with someone	1300	1.45	1.13–1.85	0.004
Home care vs. no home care	1300	3.15	2.45–4.10	< 0.001
The number of falls during the previous 12 months	1300
1 vs. 0		1.36	0.96–1.92	0.083
≥ 2 vs. 0		1.97	1.45–2.68	< 0.001
Use of walking aid vs. no walking aid	1300	1.36	1.10–1.69	0.005
Number of medications in use	1295
5–9 vs. < 5		1.14	0.77–1.68	0.514
≥ 10 vs. < 5		1.35	0.93–1.96	0.113
MMSE	1050
18–23 vs. 24–30		2.22	1.71–2.86	< 0.001
0–17 vs. 24–30		3.58	2.70–4.75	< 0.001
Contact to health services within 2 days after being discharge vs. after 2 days or not at all	1223	0.99	0.49–2.01	0.977
Diseases (yes vs. no)
Hypertensiona	1300	0.86	0.70–1.05	0.134
Heart diseaseb	1300	0.89	0.73–1.09	0.262
Kidney diseasec	1134	1.41	1.14–1.76	0.002
Dementiad	1300	3.17	2.60–3.87	< 0.001
Diabetese	1300	0.79	0.62–1.01	0.065
Thyroid diseasef	1300	1.37	1.06–1.76	0.016
Strokeg	1300	0.86	0.64–1.17	0.343
Chronic lung diseaseh	1300	0.71	0.50–0.99	0.041
Malignant tumori	1300	0.66	0.47–0.93	0.017
Atherosclerosisj	1300	0.75	0.45–1.25	0.269
Mood disorderk	1300	0.91	0.54–1.54	0.726
Central nervous system diseasel	1300	1.49	0.97–2.30	0.071
Multimorbidity (number of diseases)	1300
2 vs. 0–1		1.33	1.02–1.75	0.038
3 vs. 0–1		1.41	1.05–1.88	0.022
≥ 4 vs. 0–1		1.78	1.30–2.44	< 0.001

Bold values indicate factors significantly associated with institutionalization

ICD-10-codes: ^aI10–I15, ^bI20–I25, I48, and I50, ^cN17–N19 or glomerular filtration rate < 45, ^dF00–F01 and G30, ^eE10–E14, ^fE00–E07, ^gI63–I69 and G45, ^hJ40–J47, ⁱC00–C97, ^jI70, ^kF30–F39, ^lG10–G26