Fig. 3.

Measurement of intrinsic FAC formation from the reaction of ClO₂ with phenol using DPD and N-chloroglycine (IC-PCR-UV) method. 10 μmol L⁻¹ phenol samples were treated with 2–40 μmol L⁻¹ ClO₂. Error bars show the standard deviation of triplicate measurements. Measured at room temperature after 1 h reaction time, pH = 7, [phosphate buffer] = 5 mmol L⁻¹