Table 2.
Comparison of ovarian stimulation data and outcomes between cisgender women and transgender men with and without testosterone exposure
| Cisgender women (n = 12) | Transgender men (n = 12) | P value | t | df | Effect sizes# | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Characteristic | No T exposure (n = 6) | T exposure (n = 6) | Cis vs. trans with no T exposure | Cis vs. trans with T exposure | T vs. no T exposure | Cis vs. trans with no T exposure | Cis vs. trans with T exposure | T vs. no T exposure | Cis vs. trans with no T exposure | Cis vs. trans with T exposure | T vs. no T exposure | Cis vs. trans with no T exposure | Cis vs. trans with T exposure | T vs. no T exposure | |
| Ovarian stimulation duration (days) | 11 (1.5) | 11 (0.98) | 9 (1.16) | 0.904 | 0.095 | 0.058 | − 0.122 | 1.775 | 2.138 | 16 | 16 | 10 | -0.066 | 0.920 | 1.242 |
| FSH total dose (mIU/mL) | 3150 (487) | 1999 (683) | 2862 (664) | 0.007* | 0.310 | 0.309** | 1.048 | 16 | 0.497 | ||||||
| Peak E2 (pg/mL) | 2262 (954) | 2106 (1978) | 2058 (974) | 0.821 | 0.677 | 0.959 | 0.230 | 0.424 | 0.053 | 16 | 16 | 10 | 0.102 | 0.211 | 0.030 |
| Oocytes retrieved (n) | 23.75 (9.23) | 24.33 (7.14) | 22 (9.94) | 0.894 | 0.716 | 0.651 | − 0.135 | 0.370 | 0.467 | 16 | 16 | 10 | − 0.071 | 0.183 | 0.272 |
| MII oocytes (n) | 17.67 (5.83) | 20.50 (7.39) | ^ | 0.386 | − 0.890 | 16 | − 0.421 | ||||||||
| Maturity rate (%) | 76.87 (12.94) | 83.25 (9.63) | 77.15 (10.96)^^ | 0.304 | 0.970 | 0.379 | − 1.062 | − 0.039 | 0.930 | 16 | 14 | 8 | − 0.562 | − 0.024 | 0.592 |
T, testosterone; GT, gonadotropins; FSH, follicle-stimulating hormone; E2, estradiol; SD, standard deviation
*ANCOVA was used to control age; F(1,15) = 9.62, P = 0.007
**ANCOVA was used to control age; F(1,9) = 1.161, P = 0.309
^In testosterone-treated transgender men who underwent embryo cryopreservation, fertilization was accomplished using conventional IVF or ICSI; therefore, MII oocyte data were not available in all cases and that parameter was not included in this subgroup
^^The maturity rate for testosterone-treated transgender men was calculated only when fertilization was performed with ICSI
#The effect sizes were calculated using Cohen’s D. A value of < 0.5 represents a small effect size, a value between 0.5–0.8 represents a medium effect size, and a value of > 0.8 represents a large effect size