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. 2020 Sep 29;8:584051. doi: 10.3389/fcell.2020.584051

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Copyright © 2020 Zhang, Zhang, Wang, Zhao, Ding and Li.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Underlying action mechanisms of circRNAs and the circRNAs relevant to CVD pathogenesis. (A) CircRNAs can serve as miRNA sponges to regulate the functions of miRNAs. (B) CircRNAs can bind to RNA binding proteins (RBPs) to influence their functions. (C) CircRNAs can be the templates to encode proteins with the help of internal ribosome entry site (IRES) elements or m⁶A-modification (brown pin). (D) circRNAs with intronic sequences can regulate the expression of parental genes through binding to RNA polymerase II (Pol II). The circRNAs involved in CVD are listed in the blue box. The possible diagnostic biomarkers are displayed in the pink box. EcRNA, exonic circRNA; EIciRNA, exon–intron circRNA; CiRNA, circular intronic RNA.

Inline graphic — Underlying action mechanisms of circRNAs and the circRNAs relevant to CVD pathogenesis. (A) CircRNAs can serve as miRNA sponges to regulate the functions of miRNAs. (B) CircRNAs can bind to RNA binding proteins (RBPs) to influence their functions. (C) CircRNAs can be the templates to encode proteins with the help of internal ribosome entry site (IRES) elements or m⁶A-modification (brown pin). (D) circRNAs with intronic sequences can regulate the expression of parental genes through binding to RNA polymerase II (Pol II). The circRNAs involved in CVD are listed in the blue box. The possible diagnostic biomarkers are displayed in the pink box. EcRNA, exonic circRNA; EIciRNA, exon–intron circRNA; CiRNA, circular intronic RNA.