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. 2020 Sep 29;11:580465. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2020.580465

Table 2.

CircRNAs and their role in cardiac cell proliferation, differentiation, and cardiac reprogramming.

CircRNA Regulation Mechanism Consequence Type of sample (number of samples) References
HRCR Overexpression miR-223 sponge Repression of cardiac hypertrophy and HF in mice

  • Mice hearts (n = 4–8/group)

  • Adult human hearts (n = 7–8/group)

 Wang et al., 2016
CDR1as Increased expression Currently unknown Reduced infarct size and positive influence on LV and RV function Pig hearts (n = 5/group) Mester-Tonczar et al., 2020
CDR1as Overexpression miR-7 sponge Increased infarct size in a mouse model Mice hearts (n = 10/group) Geng et al., 2016
CDR1as Knockdown Currently unknown Depleted proliferation and differentitation capacity of huMSCs and induced cell apoptosis huMSCs Yang et al., 2019
circFOXP1 Silencing circFOXP1 miR-17-3p sponge and miR-127-5p sponge resulting in the modulation of non-canonical Wnt and EGFR pathways Reduction of huMSC growth and proliferation huMSCs Cherubini et al., 2019
circNfix Downregulation Promotes Ybx1 ubiquitin-dependent degradation and miR-214 sponge Cardiomyocyte proliferation and inhibition of cardiomyocyte apoptosis after MI in mice

  • Mice hearts (n = 2–10/group)

  • Adult human hearts (n = 2)

 Huang et al., 2019
circCDYL Overexpression Currently unknown Improved heart function after AMI

  • Myocardial tissue of mice (n = 6)

  • Hypoxic cardiomyocytes

 Zhang et al., 2020b
circNFIB Overexpression miR-433 sponge Attenuation of cardiac fibroblast proliferation

  • Mice hearts (n = 5–6/group)

  • TGF-beta treated cardiac mice fibroblasts

 Zhu et al., 2019
circHIPK3 Overexpression Increased N1ICD acetylation and miR-133a sponge Induction of coronary artery endothelial cell proliferation, promoted cardiomyocyte proliferation and angiogenesis, and decreased fibrosis after MI Mouse model of MI (n = 6) Si et al., 2020

huMSCs, human mesenchymal stem cells; HF, heart failure; LV function, left ventricular function; MI, myocardial infarction; N1ICD, Notch1 intracellular domain; RV function, right ventricular function. The number of samples varies in these studies, because the research groups used varying numbers of animals for each of their experiments.