. 2020 Sep 12;12(9):2799. doi: 10.3390/nu12092799

Table 2.

Change of gut microbiota (at genus and species-level) associated with different dietary regimen.

Gut Microbiota		RA (%) Non-CKD	RA (%) CKD-LPD	RA (%) CKD-NPD	P *	p (LPD vs. NPD) ^#	p (LPD vs. Non-CKD) ^#	p (NPD vs. Non-CKD) ^#
Family	Genus	RA (%) Non-CKD	RA (%) CKD-LPD	RA (%) CKD-NPD	P *	p (LPD vs. NPD) ^#	p (LPD vs. Non-CKD) ^#	p (NPD vs. Non-CKD) ^#
Bacillaceae	Calditerricola ↑	0.0000887	0.00117	0.0000985	0.003579	0.001398	0.001015	0.4818
Desulfovibrionaceae	Desulfovibrio ↓	0.000177	0.0015	0.00405	0.01513	0.4994	0.01308	0.004705
Lachnospiraceae	Pseudobutyrivibrio ↓	4.099	1.878	3.557	0.0007933	0.02095	0.0000888	0.02529
Lachnospiraceae	Lachnospira ↓	0.06535	0.0258	0.07014	0.003283	0.04567	0.0004307	0.03001
Lachnospiraceae	Eubacterium_hallii_group ↓	0.7137	0.3318	0.8227	0.007689	0.01179	0.0009717	0.1778
Lachnospiraceae	Roseburia ↓	0.2302	0.08307	0.1382	0.007848	0.04956	0.001018	0.05064
Lachnospiraceae	Coprococcus_1 ↑	0.00071	0.01715	0.00069	0.01597	0.01435	0.00229	0.2399
Lachnospiraceae	Fusicatenibacter ↓	0.2073	0.1658	0.2177	0.01854	0.006801	0.004211	0.4444
Lachnospiraceae	Anaerostipes ↓	1.653	0.8215	1.58	0.02399	0.01337	0.00408	0.3255
Lachnospiraceae	Lachnoclostridium ↓	0.8864	0.2202	0.8797	0.0005679	0.002618	0.0000611	0.1225
Peptostreptococcaceae	Romboutsia ↑	0.9836	1.486	0.9934	0.04816	0.007215	0.03711	0.2043
Porphyromonadaceae	Parabacteroides ↑	0.000444	0.0015	0.000197	0.02739	0.004277	0.01831	0.2457
Prevotellaceae	Alloprevotella ↑	0.00471	0.03646	0.00543	0.02063	0.005736	0.005909	0.4726
Prevotellaceae	Prevotellaceae_NK3B31 ↓	0.02477	0.000499	0.015	0.02164	0.02963	0.00285	0.1629
Ruminococcaceae	Subdoligranulum ↑	0.0087	0.02014	0.000395	0.0007012	0.000141	0.0757	0.004089
Ruminococcaceae	Ruminococcaceae_UCG-010 ↑	0.000355	0.002	0.00178	0.008634	0.01071	0.001147	0.2054
Ruminococcaceae	Faecalibacterium ↑	0.02628	0.02231	0.0146	0.01278	0.004034	0.2441	0.009593
Ruminococcaceae	Subdoligranulum ↑	0.00648	0.01698	0.00128	0.02464	0.008032	0.2859	0.01378
Synergistaceae	Cloacibacillus ↑	0.00311	0.01282	0.01154	0.02992	0.007619	0.008901	0.452
Family/genus	Species
Bacteroidaceae/Bacteroides	Bacteroides_coprophilus ↓	0.4395	0.01698	0.04913	0.003919	0.02987	0.0004587	0.05165
Bacteroidaceae/Bacteroides	Bacteroides_plebeius ↓	2.189	0.3233	0.6128	0.005041	0.1501	0.001213	0.01054
Bacteroidaceae/Bacteroides	Bacteroides_eggerthii ↓	0.22	0.0283	0.2326	0.01589	0.03211	0.001999	0.1235
Clostridiaceae/Clostridium_sensu_stricto_1	Clostridium_paraputrificum ↑	0.01474	0.03363	0.01934	0.003622	0.03818	0.0004482	0.03853
Clostridiaceae/Peptoclostridium	Clostridium_sordellii ↑	0.01385	0.05743	0.03325	0.0001,322	0.03922	0.0000,226	0.003827
Coriobacteriaceae/Olsenella	Olsenella_uli ↑	0.00124	0.00183	0.000394	0.02391	0.004397	0.1401	0.03176
Eubacteriaceae/Mogibacterium	Mogibacterium_diversum ↑	0.000621	0.00216	0.000789	0.01012	0.004809	0.002067	0.3947
Lachnospiraceae/Blautia	Blautia_hydrogenotrophica ↑	0.08488	0.09689	0.0731	0.03329	0.009464	0.008729	0.493
Lactobacillaceae/Lactobacillus	Lactobacillus_mucosae ↑	0.04377	1.765	0.07665	0.01466	0.01764	0.001946	0.1935
Porphyromonadaceae/Porphyromonas	Porphyromonas_gingivalis ↑	0.000355	0.01731	0.000789	0.02485	0.04228	0.00328	0.1312
Streptococcaceae/Streptococcus	Streptococcus_anginosus ↑	0.05727	0.4275	0.07586	0.009104	0.004643	0.001801	0.3808
Veillonellaceae/Megasphaera	Lactobacillus_sp._AB032 ↑	0.01394	0.1806	0.00641	0.03676	0.01011	0.009835	0.4841

Abbreviation: RA, relative abundance; CKD, chronic kidney disease; LPD, low protein diet; NPD, normal protein diet. * p value among three groups by using Kruskal–Wallis test; ^# p value between two groups by using Dunn’s test. ↑ and ↓ indicate an increase or decrease in bacterial abundance associated with LPD compared to NPD.