Table 4.
Characteristics of resampling subset of patients with individualized match to renal function and age.
| rCKD-NPD | rCKD-LPD | p | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age, mean (SD) | 65.14 ± 6.5 | 64.86 ± 5.3 | 0.890 |
| Male, n (%) | 5 (35.7%) | 9 (64.3%) | 0.131 |
| Diabetes, n (%) | 8 (57.1%) | 9 (64.3%) | 0.699 |
| Estimated GFR, mL/min/m2 | 40.58 ± 23.3 | 30.22 ± 22.8 | 0.240 |
| Serum creatinine, mg/dL | 2.42 ± 2.1 | 3.66 ± 3.1 | 0.220 |
| Estimated protein intake, g/day | 1.22 ± 0.3 | 0.67 ± 0.1 | <0.001 |
| Urine protein-creatinine ratio, g/g # | 465.85 (1952.44) | 264.41 (2241.62) | 0.950 |
| Urine output, mL/day | 2182.14 ± 721.5 | 1739.29 ± 697.6 | 0.110 |
| Genus, relative abundance (%) | |||
| Anaerostipes | 1.77 ± 0.0,142 | 0.9 ± 0.006 | 0.047 |
| Calditerricola | 0.0001 ± 0.0,001 | 0.001 ± 0.002 | 0.050 |
| Eubacterium hallii group # | 3.04 ± 0.0,238 | 1.81 ± 0.0105 | 0.050 |
| Species, relative abundance (%) | |||
| Streptococcus anginosus # | 0.06 ± 0.0,007 | 0.47 ± 0.0121 | 0.041 |
| Lactobacillus mucosae # | 0.1 ± 0.0,012 | 2.02 ± 0.0498 | 0.035 |
| Clostridium paraputrificum # | 0.01 ± 0.0,001 | 0.04 ± 0.0004 | 0.060 |
| Metabolites | |||
| Glyco-λ-muricholic acid, nmol/L # | 9.75 (5.04) | 13.93 (18.5) | 0.011 |
| Acetic acid, mg/L # | 1.69 (0.94) | 1.58 (0.31) | 0.860 |
| Heptanoic acid, mg/L # | 0.33 (1.04) | 0.09 (0.36) | 0.176 |
| Nonanoic acid, mg/L # | 0.12 (2.76) | 0.08 (0.03) | 0.005 |
| Total indoxyl sulfate, mg/L # | 2.7 (5.87) | 4.54 (13.84) | 0.257 |
| Total p-cresyl sulfate, mg/L # | 8.66 (23.76) | 5.45 (20.5) | 0.946 |
| Free indoxyl sulfate, mg/L # | 0.26 (0.94) | 0.34 (1.56) | 0.257 |
| Free p-cresyl sulfate, mg/L # | 0.64 (1.23) | 0.39 (1.30) | 0.796 |
Data are expressed in mean (SD) or median (interquartile range). Estimation of p value between LPD vs. NPD by using chi-square, t-test or median test #. Abbreviation: rCKD, resampling subset of chronic kidney disease; NPD, normal protein diet; LPD, low protein diet.