Table 4.
Foods and beverages avoided in the diet during pregnancy and lactation.
| Foods and Beverages Avoided | Pregnancy n (%) |
Lactation n (%) |
|---|---|---|
| Alcohol | 408 (92%) | 176 (62%) |
| Raw (unpasteurised) milk and milk products | 379 (86%) | 99 (35%) |
| Raw, smoked, or pre-cooked fish or seafood | 371 (84%) | 57 (20%) |
| Cold pre-cooked meats | 335 (76%) | 39 (14%) |
| Processed meats | 315 (71%) | 42 (15%) |
| Ready-made salads | 313 (71%) | 28 (10%) |
| Tahini | 300 (68%) | 29 (10%) |
| Foods containing raw egg | 296 (67%) | 24 (8%) |
| Soft-serve ice cream | 288 (65%) | 37 (13%) |
| Hummus | 255 (58%) | 16 (6%) |
| Soft pasteurised cheese | 232 (52%) | 35 (12%) |
| Cream or custard | 212 (48%) | 29 (10%) |
| No foods or beverages avoided | 52 (12%) | 84 (30%) |
| Other * | 13 (3%) | 12 (4%) |
* Pregnancy: mayonnaise, sprouts, coffee, caffeine, eggs. * Lactation: caffeinated coffee, onion, spicy food, dairy products, chocolate.