Table 2.

Summary of the pharmacokinetic profile of DOACs after oral administration.

Drug Feature	Dabigatran	Rivaroxaban	Apixaban	Edoxaban
Prodrug	Yes	No	No	No
Target	Thrombin	FXa	FXa	FXa
Absolute bioavailability	3–7%	66% (Almost 100% with food)	>50%	61.8%
Time to maximum plasma concentration	1.5–4 h	2.5–4 h	2 h	1–3 h
Daily administration	BID	OD	BID	OD
Renal clearance	80–85%	35%	25–27%	35–50%
Plasma protein binding	35%	90%	87%	40–59%
Test	ECT, TT	FXa inhibition assay	FXa inhibition assay, dilute prothrombin time	anti-factor Xa activity

BID: twice a day; ECT: ecarin clotting time; FXa: factor Xa; OD: once daily; TT: thrombin clotting time.