Table 2.
Nutrient intakes of the study participants according to tertiles of dairy protein intake at baseline.
| Variables | Men (n = 2096) | Women (n = 2316) | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| T1 | T2 | T3 | p for Trend | T1 | T2 | T3 | p for Trend | |||||||
| Mean | SE | Mean | SE | Mean | SE | Mean | SE | Mean | SE | Mean | SE | |||
| Energy (kcal/day) | 1852.5 | 20.5 | 2008.3 | 20.8 | 2171.0 | 20.5 | <0.001 | 1714.7 | 20.9 | 1861.2 | 21.3 | 2049.8 | 21.0 | <0.001 |
| Macronutrients (% of energy) | ||||||||||||||
| Fat | 13.9 | 0.2 | 16.1 | 0.2 | 17.3 | 0.2 | <0.001 | 11.1 | 0.2 | 14.1 | 0.2 | 16.1 | 0.2 | <0.001 |
| Carbohydrates | 71.6 | 0.2 | 68.9 | 0.2 | 67.5 | 0.2 | <0.001 | 75.1 | 0.2 | 71.4 | 0.2 | 69.0 | 0.2 | <0.001 |
| Protein | 13.1 | 0.1 | 13.9 | 0.1 | 14.3 | 0.1 | <0.001 | 12.5 | 0.1 | 13.6 | 0.1 | 14.1 | 0.1 | <0.001 |
| Protein (g/day) | 61.1 | 0.9 | 70.0 | 0.9 | 77.9 | 0.9 | <0.001 | 53.7 | 0.8 | 63.3 | 0.8 | 72.6 | 0.8 | <0.001 |
| Dairy protein a (g/day) | 0.1 | 0.1 | 2.0 | 0.1 | 8.0 | 0.1 | <0.001 | 0.2 | 0.1 | 2.8 | 0.1 | 9.0 | 0.1 | <0.001 |
| Dairy protein (% of protein) | 0.2 | 0.1 | 3.1 | 0.1 | 10.7 | 0.1 | <0.001 | 0.4 | 0.2 | 4.9 | 0.2 | 13.2 | 0.2 | <0.001 |
| Dairy products (g/day) | ||||||||||||||
| Milk | 1.9 | 3.3 | 35.4 | 3.3 | 161.1 | 3.3 | <0.001 | 2.7 | 2.4 | 43.2 | 2.4 | 194.2 | 2.4 | <0.001 |
| Yogurt | 1.2 | 1.6 | 18.2 | 1.4 | 63.7 | 1.6 | <0.001 | 2.5 | 1.7 | 30.8 | 1.8 | 62.8 | 1.8 | <0.001 |
| Cheese | 0.0 | 0.1 | 0.5 | 0.1 | 1.0 | 0.1 | <0.001 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.4 | 0.1 | 1.3 | 0.1 | <0.001 |
| Vitamins | ||||||||||||||
| Vitamin A (ug RE/day) | 449.4 | 13.1 | 566.8 | 13.3 | 653.4 | 13.1 | <0.001 | 400.3 | 13.2 | 499.2 | 13.4 | 616.7 | 13.3 | <0.001 |
| Vitamin C (mg/day) | 105.6 | 3.0 | 122.5 | 3.0 | 132.5 | 3.0 | <0.001 | 115.0 | 3.5 | 137.0 | 3.5 | 144.0 | 3.5 | <0.001 |
| Vitamin E (mg/day) | 8.4 | 0.2 | 9.8 | 0.2 | 10.7 | 0.2 | <0.001 | 7.6 | 0.2 | 9.4 | 0.2 | 10.3 | 0.2 | <0.001 |
RI, Recommended intake; RE, Retinal equivalent. All values were presented as adjusted means ± standard errors (SE) after adjusting for age and total energy intake (except energy intake) using a generalized linear model and were significantly different between the lowest and highest tertiles. a Protein intakes from milk, yogurt, and cheese.