Table 2.
Characteristics of the study population (n = 118).
| Study | Age (Years) MEAN ± SD |
Sex (% Male) | Nationality | Diagnosis | Disease Location Paris Classification |
Antibiotics Use | Steroids Use | Other Medication | Operation | Duration of the Disease (Years) MEAN |
PCDAI/CDAI MEAN ± SD |
CRP (mg/dl) MEAN ±SD |
FCP (ug/g)– MEAN ± SD |
Remission (Weeks) MEAN ±SD |
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Baseline | Intervention | Baseline | Intervention | Baseline | Intervention | |||||||||||||
| Ashton et al. [4] | 13.8 ±2.5 |
67 | British | CD | L3 100% L4 33% |
N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | Newly diagnosed | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | 664.7 | 248 | 3.3 ± 2.3 | |
| Schwerd et al. [15] | 13.5 ± 2.2 | 53 | German | CD | L1 13.64% L2 4.55% L3 45.46% L4 36.36% |
N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | 1.5 | 43.125 |
11.875 |
2.0 ± 2.5 | 0.6 ± 0.9 | N/A | N/A | No | |
| Kaakoush et al. [13] | 8.5 ± 1.8 |
100 | Australian | CD | L3 + L4 50% L3 50% |
N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | newly diagnosed | 38.75 ± 5.3 | 5 ± 7.1 |
40.5 ± 55.9 | 1 |
N/A | N/A | 19 ± 9.9 * | |
| Lewis et al. [12] |
CD | 12.6 | 63 | American Canadian Hispanic |
CD | L1 91% L2 68% L3 95% L4 58% |
23.7% |
35.7% | mesalamine 49% thiopurine 12% |
5% | 0.1 (range: 0.0–1.1) | 32.5 (range: 20–45) |
N/A | N/A | N/A | 599.1 ± 626.76 | 594.32 ± 622.74 | 2.5 ± 1.12 |
| CDs | 13.9 | 54 | American Canadian Hispanic |
CD | L1 82% L2 24% L3 96% L4 57% |
mesalamine 50% thiopurine 4% |
11% | 0.2 (range: 0.1–1.0) | 30 (range: 21.25–40) | N/A | N/A | N/A | ||||||
| Shiga et al. [10] | 30 (range 15–47) | 82 | N/A | CD | L2 9% L3 91% |
N/A | N/A | N/A | 47% | 0–22 | CDAI > 220 | 87.5%: < 150 |
1.3 0.1–3.6 (range) |
0.2 0–0.6 (range) |
N/A | N/A | 26 (87.5% patients) ** |
|
| Jia et al. [17] | N/A | N/A | N/A | CD | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | 28.6 ± 36 | 4.9 ± 4.5 | N/A | N/A | 26 *** | |
| D’Argenio et al. [14] | 14 | 100 | Italian | CD | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | 50 | 0 | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | 8 | |
| Gerasimidis et al. [16] | 12.7 (median) | 67 | British | CD | L3 + L4 60% L2 + L4 20% L2 13% L1 7% |
N/A | N/A | azathioprine 33% aminosalicylates 27% | N/A | newly diagnosed 73% | No | 22.5 <15 80% |
N/A | N/A | 2225 | 1574 |
8 (80% patients) *** |
|
| Quince et al. [8] | 6.9–14.7 (range) | 56 | British | CD | L2 13% L2 + L4 17% L3 13% L3 + L4 57% |
N/A | N/A | aminosalicylates 17% azathioprine 13% |
N/A | N/A | 40 | <10 62% | 24 | 7 | 2267 | 1686 |
8 (62% patients) * |
|
* remission defined as PCDAI < 10, ** remission was defined as CDAI < 150, *** remission was defined as PCDAI < 15, CDs—patients whose baseline microbiome diversity was far more different from the healthy subjects.