Table 3.
Food supplements with a primary impact on energy expenditure modulation.
| Food Supplement | Dosage | Mechanisms of Action | Quality of Evidence | Recommendation | Side Effects |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Capsaicin, capsaicinoids and capsinoids | 10–30 mg/day | browning, thermogenesis, fat oxidation *#, energy expenditure induction # | low | B | Gastrointestinal discomfort and diarrhea |
| Curcumin | 70 mg–12 g/day | adipogenesis inhibition *; insulin-sensitizing and anti-inflammatory properties *# | low | B | Gastrointestinal discomfort, headache, urticaria |
| L-Carnitine | 10 mg–4 g/day | increased energy expenditure and fat oxidation *#; improved insulin resistance *#; modulation of regulators of lipid catabolism or adipogenesis *; induction of satiety *# | low | B | None |
* denotes preclinical evidence, # denotes clinical evidence, B is for undetermined recommendation.