Table 2.
Logistic regression predicting soda consumption based on soda-related knowledge and beliefs.
| Logistic Regression: Regular Soda Consumption (1) vs. Infrequent Soda Consumption (0) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Unadj Odds Ratio | 95% Confidence Interval | p-Value | Adj Odds Ratio † | 95% Confidence Interval | p-Value | |
| n = 3275 | n = 3225 | |||||
| Likelihood of Health Problems from Soda Consumption | ||||||
| Not likely for adults | 1.14 | (0.92–1.42) | 0.235 | 1.23 | (0.97–1.56) | 0.081 |
| Likely for adults (Ref) | 1 | 1 | ||||
| Not likely for children | 1.14 | (0.86–1.52) | 0.368 | 1.13 | (0.83–1.53) | 0.443 |
| Likely for children (Ref) | 1 | 1 | ||||
| Illnesses or Health Effects Associated with Soda Consumption | ||||||
| Type 2 Diabetes not reported | 1.34 | (1.12–1.59) | 0.001 | 1.14 | (0.95–1.38) | 0.164 |
| Reported (Ref) | 1 | 1 | ||||
| Weight gain not reported | 1.37 | (1.17–1.61) | <0.001 | 1.19 | (1.00–1.41) | 0.045 |
| Reported (Ref) | 1 | 1 | ||||
| Heart disease not reported | 1.11 | (0.93–1.33) | 0.256 | 1.17 | (0.96–1.42) | 0.115 |
| Reported (Ref) | 1 | 1 | ||||
| Tooth decay not reported | 1.36 | (1.11–1.68) | 0.004 | 1.19 | (0.96–1.49) | 0.115 |
| Reported (Ref) | 1 | 1 | ||||
| Hypertension not reported | 0.82 | (0.62–1.08) | 0.151 | 0.79 | (0.59–1.06) | 0.112 |
| Reported (Ref) | 1 | 1 | ||||
| Cancer not reported | 2.09 | (1.44–3.04) | <0.001 | 2.18 | (1.48–3.21) | <0.001 |
| Reported (Ref) | 1 | 1 | ||||
| Relative Healthiness of Drinks: Compared to Soda | ||||||
| Fruit juices are more healthy | 1.20 | (1.01–1.42) | 0.039 | 1.21 | (1.01–1.46) | 0.036 |
| less healthy | 1.34 | (0.95–1.90) | 0.099 | 1.30 | (0.90–1.88) | 0.169 |
| the same (Ref) | 1 | 1 | ||||
| Sports drinks are…more healthy | 1.42 | (1.17–1.72) | <0.001 | 1.14 | (0.93–1.39) | 0.217 |
| less healthy | 1.16 | (0.95–1.42) | 0.141 | 1.34 | (1.08–1.66) | 0.008 |
| the same (Ref) | 1 | 1 | ||||
| In Reference to a 600 mL Bottle of Soda | ||||||
| Teaspoons of Sugar | ||||||
| Underestimate (1 to 10) | 1.18 | (1.98–1.40) | 0.074 | 1.22 | (1.01–1.47) | 0.043 |
| Overestimate (21+) | 1.08 | (0.81–1.44) | 0.591 | 0.99 | (0.73–1.33) | 0.926 |
| Don’t know | 0.87 | (0.48–1.58) | 0.646 | 1.04 | (0.53–2.03) | 0.902 |
| Approx. correct (11 to 20) (Ref) | 1 | 1 | ||||
| Total Calories | ||||||
| Underestimate (0 to 200) | 1.29 | (0.95–1.75) | 0.104 | 1.36 | (0.98–1.87) | 0.065 |
| Overestimate (301 to 600) | 1.21 | (0.89–1.64) | 0.221 | 1.22 | (0.88–1.68) | 0.226 |
| Large overestimate (601+) | 1.75 | (1.29–2.37) | <0.001 | 1.76 | (1.28–2.43) | 0.001 |
| Don’t know | 1.18 | (0.89–1.56) | 0.255 | 1.35 | (1.00–1.82) | 0.053 |
| Approx. correct (201 to 300) (Ref) | 1 | 1 | ||||
| Percent Daily Calories | ||||||
| Underestimate (0 to 9) | 0.80 | (0.54–1.17) | 0.250 | 1.06 | (0.70–1.59) | 0.791 |
| Overestimate (15 to 40) | 1.31 | (0.98–1.75) | 0.064 | 1.35 | (1.00–1.83) | 0.051 |
| Large overestimate (41+) | 0.99 | (0.74–1.33) | 0.950 | 1.21 | (0.88–1.65) | 0.236 |
| Don’t know | 0.84 | (0.61–1.15) | 0.277 | 1.23 | (0.88–1.72) | 0.236 |
| Approx. correct (10 to 14) (Ref) | 1 | 1 | ||||
| Minutes of Jogging to Work Off | ||||||
| Underestimate (1 to 30) | 1.12 | (0.93–1.35) | 0.238 | 1.11 | (0.91–1.35) | 0.316 |
| Overestimate (61 to 90) | 0.81 | (0.56–1.16) | 0.250 | 0.80 | (0.54–1.19) | 0.273 |
| Large overestimate (91+) | 1.05 | (0.84–1.30) | 0.688 | 1.08 | (0.86–1.36) | 0.518 |
| Don’t know | 1.46 | (0.96–2.22) | 0.075 | 1.85 | (1.19–2.89) | 0.007 |
| Approx. correct (31 to 60) (Ref) | 1 | 1 | ||||
† Adjusted for sex, age and education; Ref = reference group, Approx. = approximately.