Table 3.
Indices of glycemic variability for test meals in 240 min (mean values and standard errors (SE), n = 17).
| R | HP + R | HG + HP + R | PHG + HP + R | PHP + R | PHP + HG + R | PHG + PHP + R | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean | SE | Mean | SE | Mean | SE | Mean | SE | Mean | SE | Mean | SE | Mean | SE | |
| ∆Peak (mmol/L) | 4.1 a | 0.2 | 4.3 a | 0.2 | 4.1 a | 0.3 | 3.7 a | 0.2 | 3.7 a | 0.2 | 3.6 a | 0.2 | 2.9 b | 0.2 |
| ∆Low (mmol/L) | −0.3 a,b | 0.1 | −0.6 b | 0.1 | −0.4 a,b | 0.1 | −0.3 a,b | 0.1 | −0.3 a,b | 0.1 | −0.3 a,b | 0.1 | −0.2 a | 0.1 |
| MAGE (mmol/L) | 4.4 a,b,c | 0.2 | 4.9 a | 0.2 | 4.5 a,b | 0.3 | 4.0 b,c | 0.3 | 3.9 c | 0.2 | 3.9 c | 0.2 | 3.1 d | 0.2 |
| −∆G/∆G (%) | 67.5 b | 3.8 | 74.5 a,b | 5.2 | 85.6 a | 4.2 | 68.8 a,b | 7.2 | 77.5 a,b | 5.4 | 71.7 a,b | 6.2 | 81.5 a,b | 5..4 |
| CONGA1 | 1.8 b | 0.2 | 2.0 b | 0.2 | 1.9 b | 0.2 | 2.6 a | 0.2 | 2.2 a,b | 0.2 | 2.2 a,b | 0.2 | 1.7 b | 0.1 |
| iAUC0–30 | 50.4 a | 2.9 | 51.7 a | 3.5 | 57.5 a | 3.8 | 5.5 c | 1.4 | 41.3 b | 2.9 | 40.3 b | 3.8 | 38.4 b | 3.2 |
| iAUC0–60 | 142.3 a | 11.3 | 150.9 a | 9.4 | 151.7 a | 8.5 | 52.0 c | 4.6 | 127.6 a,b | 6.7 | 126.6 a,b | 7.6 | 106.0 b | 6.4 |
| iAUC0–120 | 230.4 a | 23.1 | 229.3 a | 18.4 | 203.5 a | 13.5 | 197.3 a | 16.2 | 223.4 a | 19.0 | 228.9 a | 17.2 | 176.8 a | 15.2 |
| iAUC120–240 | 46.2 a,b | 10.0 | 15.6 c | 4.2 | 23.8 b,c | 6.3 | 53.7 a | 8.9 | 36.6 a,b,c | 7.8 | 56.5 a | 11.0 | 36.6 a,b,c | 9.5 |
| iAUC0–240 | 276.7 a,b | 28.9 | 244.9 a,b | 20.2 | 227.2 a,b | 16.0 | 251.0 a,b | 20.0 | 260.0 a,b | 21.8 | 285.3 a | 25.0 | 213.3b | 21.7 |
R, rice; HP, highly cooked potato; PHP, preload HP; HG, partially hydrolyzed guar gum; PHG, preload HG; HP + R, co-ingestion of HP and rice; HG + HP + R, co-ingestion of HG, HP and rice; PHG + HP + R, preload HG 30 min prior to co-ingestion of HP and rice; PHP + R, preload HP 30 min prior to rice; PHG + PHP + R, co-preload HG and HP 30 min prior to rice; PHP + HG + R, preload HP 30 min prior to co-ingestion of HG and rice. MAGE, the maximum amplitudes of glucose excursion; −∆G/∆G, baseline recovery 1 h after peak; CONGA1, continuous overall net glycemic action; iAUC, the positive increments under the curve of postprandial GRs. Values are the mean glycemic characteristics of test meals with their standard errors. Data were analyzed by one-way (treatment) ANOVA with Duncan’s multiple range test, significant differences among test meals were represented by different letters (p < 0.05).