Table 2.
Food frequency data by phenotype and by country.
| All 1 | SL | IU | SD | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean (SEM) | |||||||||
| Fruit Juice (glasses/week) | |||||||||
| Overall | 1.65 (0.16) | 1.64 (0.21) | 1.66 (0.27) | 1.60 (0.38) | |||||
| UK | 2.04 (0.28) † | 1.68 (0.28) | 2.09 (0.45) | 2.35 (0.77) | |||||
| US | 1.20 (0.14) | 1.56 (0.33) | 1.13 (0.21) | 0.96 (0.22) | |||||
| Concentrated Juice Drinks, or Any Juice Drink with Added Sugar (glasses/week) | |||||||||
| Overall | 1.35 (0.24) | 1.57 (0.58) | 1.25 (0.34) | 1.36 (0.37) | |||||
| UK | 1.25 (0.33) | 0.85 (0.19) | 1.49 (0.61) | 1.37 (0.69) | |||||
| US | 1.47 (0.36) † | 2.75 (1.48) | 0.97 (0.18) | 1.35 (0.38) | |||||
| Energy/Sports Drinks or Sweetened Caffeinated Drinks (glasses/week) | |||||||||
| Overall | 0.61 (0.06) | 0.65 (0.12) | 0.51 (0.04) | 0.82 (0.20) | |||||
| UK | 0.53 (0.06) | 0.53 (0.10) | 0.50 (0.07) | 0.64 (0.22) | |||||
| US | 0.70 (0.11) † | 0.84 (0.28) | 0.52 (0.06) | 0.96 (0.33) | |||||
| Soft Drinks (glasses/week) | |||||||||
| Overall | 1.30 (0.12) | 1.07 (0.14) | 1.35 (0.19) | 1.57 (0.31) | |||||
| UK | 1.24 (0.17) | 0.94 (0.16) | 1.39 (0.29) | 1.41 (0.40) | |||||
| US | 1.37 (0.18) | 1.29 (0.25) | 1.29 (0.25) | 1.71 (0.46) | |||||
| Diet Soft Drinks (glasses/week) | |||||||||
| Overall | 1.20 (0.20) | 1.42 (0.57) | 1.33 (0.25) | 0.74 (0.14) | |||||
| UK | 1.10 (0.16) | 1.05 (0.18) | 1.26 (0.29) | 0.83 (0.23) | |||||
| US | 1.33 (0.39) | 2.02 (1.49) | 1.42 (0.42) | 0.67 (0.16) | |||||
| Tea or Coffee (cups/day) | |||||||||
| Overall | 1.61 (0.09) | 1.35 (0.15) | 1.69 (0.14) | 1.73 (0.18) | |||||
| UK | 1.90 (0.13) † | 1.63 (0.21) | 1.96 (0.20) | 2.22 (0.24) | |||||
| US | 1.26 (0.11) | 0.90 (0.17) | 1.36 (0.18) | 1.32 (0.25) | |||||
| Wine (glasses/week) 2 | |||||||||
| Overall | 1.98 (0.18) | 1.95 (0.31) | 1.85 (0.29) | 1.89 (0.32) | |||||
| UK | 1.54 (0.41) | 1.52 (0.45) | 1.58 (0.74) | 1.46 (0.56) | |||||
| US | 2.21 (0.18) † | 2.27 (0.43) | 1.99 (0.23) | 2.10 (0.39) | |||||
| Beer, Cider, or Cooler (half pints/week) 2 | |||||||||
| Overall | 2.62 (0.19) | 2.52 (0.40) | 2.81 (0.25) | 2.34 (0.47) | |||||
| UK | 2.45 (0.33) | 3.20 (0.73) | 2.20 (0.42) | 2.05 (0.66) | |||||
| US | 2.70 (0.23) | 2.03 (0.43) | 3.11 (0.31) * | 2.49 (0.64) | |||||
| Spirits/Hard Liquor (shots/week) 2 | |||||||||
| Overall | 1.30 (0.17) | 2.00 (0.61) | 1.25 (0.17) | 0.83 (0.16) | |||||
| UK | 1.60 (0.43) | 3.25 (1.33) * | 1.18 (0.37) | 0.47 (0.09) | |||||
| US | 1.14 (0.13) | 1.10 (0.35) | 1.29 (0.19) | 1.01 (0.23) | |||||
The asterisk (*) indicates a significant effect (p < 0.05 for one-way ANOVAs) of phenotype on frequency of consumption of the item under investigation within each row. The dagger (†) denotes a cross country significant difference (p < 0.05 for Student’s t-tests) in the frequency of consumption of the relevant item under investigation. To facilitate interpretation of the food frequency data, the non-log transformed values are displayed while they are coded as a weekly consumption of a standard portion; habitual intake of tea or coffee is expressed in daily units. 1 Data presented refer to the study samples before the clustering process i.e., participants with erratic responses to the sweet taste test are included. 2 Data presented are for the subgroup of participants aged 21 or older only. SEM, standard error or the mean.