Table 12.
CG’s in vivo anti-HPV activities in animal studies. (GFP, green fluorescence protein; RFP, red fluorescence protein; FDI, fast-dissolving insert; CVL, cervicovaginal lavage).
| CG Type | Virus Type | Experimental System | Anti-Viral Assay Readout | Effects | Ref |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ι-CG (1%) | HPV16 | Mouse cervicovaginal mucosa infected with RFP-encoded pseudovirus with GFP capsid | GFP and RFP assay | Inhibition of infection | [113] |
| ι-CG (1%) | HPV16 | 12 rhesus macaques infected with RFP-encoded pseudovirus with GFP capsid | Immunohistochemistry of the infected cervix tissue | Decreased infection that was enhanced by cytologic examination | [115] |
| 3% λ/κ-CG (PC-515) + divine 9 | HPV16 | Mouse cervicovaginal mucosa infected with RFP-encoded pseudovirus with GFP capsid | GFP and RFP assay | Inhibition not affected by seminal plasma | [33] |
| Griffithsin + CG | HPV16 | Mouse cervicovaginal mucosa infected with luciferase-encoded pseudovirus | Luciferase | Inhibition | [86] |
| CG-based lubricant (Divine 9) | HPV16 | Antiviral activity of cervicovaginal lavage (CVL) using 293T cells infected with SEAP-encoded PsV | RFP assay | Inhibition | [112] |
| Griffithsin + CG | HPV | Balb/C mice equipped with FDI infected with luciferase-encoded HPV16 pseudoviruses | Luciferase | Inhibition | [80] |