Table 2.

Studies investigating the relationship between magnesium levels and headache.

Year	Type of Headache	Number of Patients	Outcome	Reference
1985	Migraine	57 adults	Reduced magnesium levels in cerebrospinal fluid	[1]
1989	Migraine	11 adults	Reduced magnesium levels in the brain	[2]
1995	Cluster	22 adults	Up to 50% of migraine patients were found to be magnesium-deficient	[3]
2000	Migraine	29 adults plus 18 healthy controls	Total magnesium in erythrocytes significantly increased compared with healthy controls	[4]
2002	Tension/migraine	25 adults plus 20 healthy controls	Reduced magnesium levels in serum and saliva	[5]
2002	Migraine	20 adults plus 20 healthy controls	Increased systemic retention of magnesium vs. controls	[6]
2011	Migraine	140 adults plus 140 healthy controls	Total serum magnesium levels significantly lower vs. controls	[7]
2012	Migraine	50 adults plus 50 healthy controls	Total serum magnesium levels significantly lower vs. controls	[8]
2016	Acute migraine	40 adults plus 40 healthy controls	Decreased magnesium indicates a 35-fold increased risk of acute migraine	[9]