Table 2.
Clinical characteristics of all subjects after a year of intervention.
| Obesity | Overweight | Normal-BMI | p-Value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 11.20 ± 0.16 | 10.96 ± 0.14 | 11.18 ± 0.20 | 0.345 |
| Weight (Kg) | 68 ± 1.15 | 53.60 ± 0.77 | 45 ± 0.85 | <0.0001 |
| Height (cm) | 150.47 ± 0.87 | 149.11 ± 0.80 | 147 ± 1.04 | 0.008 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 28.87 ± 0.24 | 23.53 ± 0.12 | 20.37 ± 0.17 | <0.0001 |
| Waist/Hip ratio | 0.93 ± 0.005 | 0.91 ± 0.005 | 0.86 ± 0.007 | <0.0001 |
| Waist/Height | 0.60 ± 0.004 | 0.53 ± 0.003 | 0.49 ± 0.005 | <0.0001 |
| SBP | 115 ± 0.79 | 111 ± 0.66 | 107 ± 0.85 | <0.0001 |
| DBP | 69 ± 0.62 | 67 ± 0.59 | 65 ± 0.69 | <0.0001 |
| n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | ||
| Pubertal status | ||||
| Prepubertal | 107 (42.3) | 103 (40.7) | 43 (17) | 0.043 |
| Pubertal | 165 (38.6) | 155 (36.2) | 108 (25.2) | |
| Mother’s BMI | ||||
| Normal BMI | 88 (29.6) | 118 (39.7) | 91 (30.6) | <0.0001 |
| Overweight | 95 (42.2) | 84 (37.3) | 46 (20.4) | |
| Obesity | 136 (53.8) | 89 (35.2) | 28 (11.1) | |
| Father’s BMI | ||||
| Normal BMI | 41 (27.3) | 59 (39.3) | 50 (33.3) | <0.0001 |
| Overweight | 117 (37) | 126 (39.9) | 73 (23.1) | |
| Obesity | 157 (52.3) | 104 (34.7) | 39 (13) |
Abbreviations: DBP: Diastolic Blood Pressure, SBP: Systolic Blood Pressure WHratio: Waist to Hip ratio, WHtR: Waist to Height ratio; Continuous variables are presented as mean ± standard error of the mean (SEM) and categorical as frequencies (percentages); p values were derived by comparisons between the three categories of BMI using one-way ANOVA; Pearson’s χ2 for categorical variables; Statistically significant associations are shown in bold.