Table 2.
Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of incident hypertension with weight change patterns across adulthood a.
| Weight Change Patterns b | Incident Hypertension n/(Person-Years) |
Model 1 c | Model 2 d | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| HR (95% CI) | p | HR (95% CI) | p | ||
| Stable Normal (reference) | 863/57,452 | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
| Maximum Overweight | 1197/47,644 | 1.76 (1.55, 2.00) | <0.001 | 1.76 (1.55, 2.00) | <0.001 |
| Non-obese to Obese | 838/19,826 | 2.98 (2.66, 3.33) | <0.001 | 2.93 (2.62, 3.28) | <0.001 |
| Obese to Non-obese | 29/1398 | 2.10 (1.26, 3.50) | 0.005 | 1.97 (1.17, 3.31) | 0.011 |
| Stable Obese | 250/6320 | 3.37 (2.79, 4.08) | <0.001 | 3.28 (2.71, 3.96) | <0.001 |
| Stable Obese (reference) | 250/6320 | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
| Stable Normal | 863/57,452 | 0.30 (0.25, 0.36) | <0.001 | 0.31 (0.25, 0.37) | <0.001 |
| Maximum Overweight | 1197/47,644 | 0.52 (0.43, 0.63) | <0.001 | 0.54 (0.44, 0.65) | <0.001 |
| Non-obese to Obese | 838/19,826 | 0.88 (0.72, 1.08) | 0.219 | 0.89 (0.73, 1.09) | 0.260 |
| Obese to Non-obese | 29/1398 | 0.62 (0.37, 1.05) | 0.073 | 0.60 (0.35, 1.02) | 0.059 |
a All estimates accounted for complex survey designs. b Stable normal (BMI <25.0 at both timepoints), maximum overweight (BMI, 25.0–29.9 at either timepoint but not ≥30.0 at the other timepoint), non-obese to obese (BMI < 30.0 at younger age and ≥30.0 later), obese to non-obese (BMI ≥ 30.0 at younger age and <30.0 later), and stable obese (BMI ≥ 30.0 at both timepoints). c Model 1: adjusted for sex, baseline age, race/ethnicity. d Model 2: additionally adjusted for family income, education, smoking status.