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. 2020 Aug 19;12(9):2504. doi: 10.3390/nu12092504

Figure 6.

Figure 6

Effect of vinegar ± B. coagulans on mRNA levels of hepatic genes. (A,B) Effect of vinegar ± B. coagulans on mRNA levels of several genes involved in hepatic lipogenesis and β-oxidation, (C) Effect of vinegar ± B. coagulans on mRNA expression levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines in the liver. Total RNA extracted from the liver was reverse transcribed, and each gene expression was quantified by real-time PCR using gen-specific primers. All genes were normalized to expression of RPLPO. The relative expression level of each gene was calculated as the fold change from the triplicates in each group using the 2−ΔΔCt method. The y-axis represents the relative expression of the studied genes. Gene full names. RPLPO: Ribosomal protein P0; LXR: Liver X receptor; CD36: Cluster of differentiation 36; PPARα: Peroxisome proliferator activated receptor; SREBP: sterol regulatory element-binding protein; FASN: Fatty acid synthase; IL-1β: Interleukin 1 beta; IL-6: Interleukin 6; CPT-1: Carnitine palmitoyltransferase; ACC: Acetyl-CoA-carboxylase. Abbreviations. ND: Normal diet; HFD: High fat diet; ND+Water: Normal diet plus water; HFD+Vehicle: High fat diet plus vehicle (non-vinegar), HFD+Vehicle_Bc: High fat diet plus vehicle and B. coagulans; HFD+Vinegar: High fat diet plus vinegar; HFD+Vinegar_Bc: High fat diet plus vinegar and B. coagulans. Data are expressed as mean ± SD. * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01 vs. control, # p < 0.05, ## p < 0.01 vs. HFD+Vehicle group. (n = 6 mice per group).