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. 2020 Aug 19;12(9):2504. doi: 10.3390/nu12092504

Figure 7.

Figure 7

Effect of vinegar ± B. coagulans on GLP-1, Leptin and C-peptide in serum. (A) Fasting serum GLP-1, (B) Fasting serum leptin, (C) Fasting C-peptide levels, (D) Insulin sensibility estimated using average HOMA-IR in each group calculated from fasting serum glucose and fasting serum C-peptide concentrations with the formula: serum C-peptide (nmol L−1) * serum glucose (mmol L−1)/22.5. Abbreviations. ND: Normal diet; HFD: High fat diet; ND+Water: Normal diet plus water; HFD+Vehicle: High fat diet plus vehicle (non-vinegar), HFD+Vehicle_Bc: High fat diet plus vehicle and B. coagulans; HFD+Vinegar: High fat diet plus vinegar; HFD+Vinegar_Bc: High fat diet plus vinegar and B. coagulans Data are expressed as mean ± SD. * p  <  0.05, ** p  <  0.01, *** p  <  0.001 vs. ND group, # p  <  0.05, ### p  <  0.001 vs. HFD+Vehicle. (n = 6 mice per group).