| ACA | Acetoacetate |
| AMPA | aminomethylphosphonic acid |
| ASM | anti-seizure medication |
| BCAA | branch-chained amino acids |
| BHB | β-hydroxybutyrate |
| CD | combined diet |
| CKD | classic ketogenic diet |
| 2-DG | 2-deoxyglucose |
| FADH2 | flavin adenine dinucleotide, reduced form |
| FFA | free fatty acids |
| GABA | gamma-aminobutyric acid |
| KB | ketone bodies |
| MAD | modified Atkins diet |
| LCTs | long-chain triglycerides |
| LGIT | low-glycemic-index diet |
| LGS | Lennox-Gastaut syndrome |
| MCT | medium chain triglyceride |
| MKD | modified ketogenic diet |
| NADH | nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, reduced form |
| PUFA | polyunsaturated fatty acids |
| QT | interval calculated from the start of Q wave to the end of T wave in electrocardiogram |
| REM | rapid eye movements |
| TCA | tricarboxylic acid |