. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2020 Oct 13.

Published in final edited form as: J Am Geriatr Soc. 2020 Apr 13;68(8):1763–1770. doi: 10.1111/jgs.16442

Table 1:

Characteristics of Health and Retirement Study (HRS) participants classified as having dementia

	HRS participants classified as having dementia in 2001				HRS participants classified as having dementia in 2015
Sample size	Non-Hispanic white (702)	Non-Hispanic black (199)	Hispanic (107)		Non-Hispanic white (780)	Non-Hispanic black (213)	Hispanic (136)
Age, %^*				^†				^†
70-74	6.3	12.2	18.9		2.8	3.7	6.8
75-79	15.7	12.8	17.3		9.7	14.9	13.9
80-84	24.6	29.9	26.0		21.0	27.5	26.0
85+	56.1	45.1	37.9		66.6	54.0	53.4
Female, %^*	71.9	70.4	65.4		63.5	72.2	65.8
Proxy Respondent (%)^*	61.0	53.7	59.7		40.1	38.9	38.1
Mean TICS Score (SD)¹	9.75 (0.22)	7.44 (0.41)	9.34 (0.44)	^§	9.86 (0.23)	8.77 (0.41)	8.24 (0.41)	^§
Mean IQCODE Score (SD) ²	3.73 (0.05)	3.77 (0.11)	3.64 (0.14)		3.51 (0.06)	3.24 (0.14)	3.47 (0.12)
Mean Number of ADL Limitations (SD)³	1.96 (0.08)	1.89 (0.17)	1.81 (0.22)		2.00 (0.09)	1.97 (0.16)	2.41 (0.21)
Mean Number of IADL Limitations (SD)⁴^*	2.51 (0.07)	2.31 (0.14)	2.22 (0.19)		2.21 (0.07)	2.31 (0.14)	2.64 (0.18)	^§
Mean Number of Comorbidities (SD)	2.63 (0.06)	2.70 (0.12)	2.51 (0.16)		3.31 (0.06)	3.41 (0.14)	3.30 (0.14)
Living in a Nursing Home, %^*	37.1	23.6	19.6	^†	25.6	16.0	11.2	^†

Weighted percentages/means using the HRS sample weights

^†

Weighted chi-squared test p-value < 0.5

^§

Weighted ANOVA test p-value < 0.5

^1.

Only for participants who did not have a proxy respondent (self-reported). Scale from 0-33; Higher scores indicate higher cognitive function

^2.

Only for participants who had a proxy respondent. Scale from 0-5; Lower scores indicate higher cognitive function

^3.

ADL: Activities of Daily Living. Numbers are the reported number of activities (6 total) participants have difficulty performing; Lower scores indicate higher functional ability

^4.

IADL: Instrumental Activities of Daily Living. Numbers are the reported number of activities (5 total) participants have difficulty performing; Lower scores indicate higher functional ability