Figure 4.
Sperm selection by thermotaxis. (A) The number of spermatozoa in vitro migrating from 35 to 38 °C or across a constant temperature (35 or 38 °C) for 60 min after 30 min of incubation in synthetic human tubal fluid (HTF) or HTF supplemented with 750 µM of penicillamine (HTF + PEN). The initial number of spermatozoa loaded in the thermotaxis system was between 5 and 6 × 106 per separation. (B) Histograms show the distributions of % fragmented DNA in individual spermatozoa unselected or selected by thermotaxis after incubation for 30 min in HTF + PEN. *** p = 0.009, n = 6.