Table 1.
Kinetics of stallion spermatozoa measured at time 0 (T0), and after 30 and 180 min of incubation at 37°C in a 5% CO2 atmosphere in Whitten’s medium (WHI), synthetic human tubal fluid (HTF), and HTF supplemented with 750 µM of penicillamine (HTF + PEN).
| Kinetics | T0 | 30 min | 180 min | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| WHI | HTF | HTF + PEN | WHI | HTF | HTF + PEN | WHI | HTF | HTF + PEN | |
| VCL (µm/s) | 80 ± 6 | 96 ± 5 * | 97 ± 2 a * | 87 ± 7 | 109 ± 7 * | 114 ± 5 b * | 81 ± 7 | 107 ± 4 * | 122 ± 3 b ** |
| VAP (µm/s) | 36 ± 1 | 40 ± 2 | 40 ± 0.8 a | 37 ± 1 | 44 ± 3 | 45 ± 2 b | 35 ± 2 | 41 ± 2 | 47 ± 1 b * |
| VSL (µm/s) | 28 ± 2 | 30 ± 1 | 29 ± 1 | 27 ± 1 | 26 ± 3 | 27 ± 1 | 24 ± 2 | 25 ± 2 | 25 ± 2 |
| LIN (%) | 37 ± 4 | 33 ± 2 a | 31 ± 2 a | 34 ± 2 | 25 ± 3 b | 25 ± 1 b | 30 ± 1 | 24 ± 2 b * | 21 ± 1 c * |
| STR (%) | 78 ± 4 | 75 ± 3 a | 71 ± 3 a | 74 ± 2 | 59 ± 7 b * | 61 ± 3 b * | 64 ± 4 | 61 ± 4 b | 55 ± 3 b * |
| WOB (%) | 46 ± 2 | 43 ± 1 a | 43 ± 1 a | 44 ± 3 | 41 ± 1 a | 40 ± 1 a b | 46 ± 2 | 39 ± 1 b | 39 ± 1 b |
| Beat Cross (Hz) | 24.2 ± 1.4 | 24 ± 0.5 a | 23.7 ± 0.5 | 25.3 ± 1 | 26 ± 0.5 a b | 24.2 ± 0.7 | 26.1 ± 0.9 | 27 ± 1 b | 24.7 ± 1.1 |
| ALH (µm) | 3 ± 0.2 | 3.5 ± 0.2 * | 3.5 ± 0.1 a * | 3.2 ± 0.2 | 3.9 ± 0.3 * | 4.1 ± 0.2 b * | 2.9 ± 0.2 | 3.8 ± 0.2 * | 4.4 ± 0.1 b ** |
Curvilinear velocity (VCL), average path velocity (VAP), straight line velocity (VSL), linearity (LIN), straightness (STR), wobble (WOB), and amplitude of lateral head displacement (ALH). a, b Different letters indicate significant differences between time points for each medium. Asterisks indicate significant differences between media for each time point (p < 0.05, repeated measures one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA)).