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. 2020 Sep 8;10(9):1595. doi: 10.3390/ani10091595

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© 2020 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Typical examples of 600-MHz ¹H NMR spectra (δ0.5–6.0 and δ6.5–9.0) of serum metabolites were obtained from the (A) CON group, (B) HLB group, (C) RSM group, and (D) HLB + RSM group respectively. Keys: For: Formate; 1-MH: 1-Methylhistidine; 3-MH: 3-Methylhistidine; Phe: Phenylalanine; 3-HB: 3-Hydroxybutyrate; DHM: 3, 4-Dihydroxymandelate; All: Allantoin; Glc: Glucose; PP: Phophoenolpyruvate; Thr: Threonine; m-I: myo-Inositol; ac: Lactate; Cn: Creatinine; Gln: Glutamine; Glu: Glutamate; Bet: Betaine; Sar: Sarcosine; GPC: Glycerolphosphocholine; Cho: Choline; Cr: Creatine; TMA: Trimethylamine; MG: Methylguanidine; DMA: Dimethylamine; Cit: Citrate; Py: Pyruvate; Met: Methionine; AA: Acetoacetate; NAG: N-acetylglycoprotein; NAA: N-Acetylaspartate; AD: Acetamide; Ace: Acetate; Ala: Alanine; Val: Valine; Ile: Isoleucine; IB: Isobutyrate.