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Item true score functions for the six items identified as having language-based DIF. For items 5, 8, 12 and 13, these plots demonstrate that French speakers are expected to give larger categorical responses than English speakers with equal levels of appearance anxiety. This trend is reversed for item 2, while item 11 demonstrates non-uniform DIF (ie, the true score functions for English and French speakers cross each other). DIF, differential item functioning.
