Table 3.
HRs comparing patients with one or more chronic diseases by age 30, 40 or 50 years with age-matched and sex-matched individuals from the general population without chronic disease, by follow-up time and number of chronic diseases
| Morbidity | Aged 30 years | Aged 40 years | Aged 50 years | ||||||||||
| Deaths, N |
PYs | HRs (95% CI) | Deaths, N |
PYs | HRs (95% CI) | Deaths, N |
PYs | HRs (95% CI) | |||||
| Unadjusted | Adjusted* | Unadjusted | Adjusted* | Unadjusted | Adjusted* | ||||||||
| 0–1 year | One disease | 128 | 12 383.0 | 17.3 (12.0 to 24.9) | 17.0 (10.8 to 26.8) | 334 | 21 325.6 | 11.8 (9.7 to 14.4) | 10.7 (8.6 to 13.3) | 931 | 31 524.8 | 11.3 (10.1 to 12.7) | 10.1 (8.9 to 11.4) |
| Two diseases | 51 | 1244.4 | 127.5 (31.0 to 523.7) | Could not be est. | 127 | 2220.4 | 37.2 (22.4 to 61.7) | 44.1 (22.9 to 84.9) | 361 | 4599.4 | 26.1 (20.2 to 33.8) | 23.5 (17.6 to 31.3) | |
| 3+ diseases | <5 | <5 | Could not be est. | Could not be est. | 33 | 305.0 | 41.3 (14.6 to 116.4) | 92.2 (8.9 to 950.9) | 122 | 927.2 | 87.1 (40.7 to 186.6) | 83.1 (25.9 to 267.0) | |
| >1–5 years | One disease | 342 | 48 421.8 | 6.3 (5.4 to 7.4) | 5.6 (4.7 to 6.7) | 1139 | 82 228.0 | 6.7 (6.2 to 7.4) | 5.92 (5.4 to 6.5) | 3063 | 117 949.6 | 4.9 (4.7 to 5.2) | 4.3 (4.1 to 4.6) |
| Two diseases | 86 | 4709.2 | 35.4 (19.3 to 64.7) | 37.8 (16.9 to 84.4) | 305 | 8015.4 | 15.6 (12.4 to 19.6) | 14.4 (11.2 to 18.6) | 905 | 15 799.0 | 10.9 (9.7 to 12.2) | 9.1 (8.0 to 10.3) | |
| 3+ diseases | 22 | 427.0 | 109.0 (14.7 to 808.9) | Could not be est. | 67 | 1012.6 | 41.4 (19.9 to 86.2) | 35.3 (12.7 to 98.3) | 278 | 2879.2 | 19.1 (14.7 to 24.7) | 15.5 (11.3 to 21.2) | |
| >5–10 years | One disease | 387 | 58 547.8 | 4.5 (3.9 to 5.1) | 3.9 (3.3 to 4.5) | 1240 | 96 611.8 | 4.0 (3.7 to 4.3) | 3.4 (3.1 to 3.6) | 3596 | 130 893.8 | 3.3 (3.1 to 3.4) | 2.9 (2.7 to 3.0) |
| Two diseases | 103 | 5392.4 | 12.3 (8.6 to 17.7) | 12.6 (8.3 to 19.1) | 292 | 8552.2 | 10.2 (8.3 to 12.5) | 8.6 (6.9 to 10.6) | 880 | 15 298.8 | 7.0 (6.3 to 7.8) | 5.8 (5.2 to 6.5) | |
| 3+ diseases | 19 | 427.0 | 23.5 (8.0 to 69.2) | 56.1 (5.7 to 548.6) | 71 | 927.2 | 21.7 (12.6 to 37.3) | 13.7 (7.1 to 26.5) | 233 | 2330.2 | 11.2 (8.9 to 14.2) | 8.5 (6.4 to 11.2) | |
| >10–20 years | One disease | 894 | 110 446.6 | 3.0 (2.8 to 3.3) | 2.6 (2.3 to 2.8) | 2906 | 172 727.6 | 2.8 (2.7 to 2.9) | 2.4 (2.3 to 2.5) | 7433 | 206 509.4 | 2.3 (2.2 to 2.4) | 2.1 (2.0 to 2.1) |
| Two diseases | 191 | 9272.0 | 6.6 (5.3 to 8.2) | 6.2 (4.9 to 7.8) | 444 | 13 322.4 | 5.4 (4.7 to 6.2) | 4.5 (3.9 to 5.2) | 1221 | 19 800.6 | 4.0 (3.7 to 4.3) | 3.3 (3.0 to 3.6) | |
| 3+ diseases | 33 | 585.6 | 17.3 (8.3 to 36.1) | 14.5 (6.5 to 32.4) | 68 | 1171.2 | 10.7 (7.0 to 16.4) | 13.1 (6.6 to 25.7) | 244 | 2159.4 | 8.0 (6.5 to 9.9) | 6.5 (5.2 to 8.3) | |
| >20–25 years | One disease | 645 | 51 069.2 | 2.8 (2.5 to 3.1) | 2.5 (2.3 to 2.8) | 1736 | 74 334.6 | 2.2 (2.1 to 2.4) | 2.0 (1.9 to 2.1) | 3700 | 75 054.4 | 1.8 (1.8 to 1.9) | 1.7 (1.7 to 1.8) |
| Two diseases | 89 | 3928.4 | 5.1 (3.8 to 6.9) | 4.4 (3.2 to 6.1) | 200 | 5063.0 | 4.3 (3.6 to 5.3) | 3.9 (3.1 to 4.8) | 417 | 5978.0 | 2.5 (2.2 to 2.9) | 2.3 (2.0 to 2.6) | |
| 3+ diseases | 5 | 195.2 | 3.8 (1.2 to 12.6) | 4.7 (0.9 to 24.0) | 26 | 341.6 | 16.1 (7.0 to 37.2) | 9.3 (3.0 to 28.9) | 43 | 475.8 | 3.0 (2.0 to 4.5) | 2.0 (1.3 to 3.3) | |
*Adjusted for socioeconomic factors (income level, employment status and education level).
PY, person years.