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. 2020 Sep 29;11:558894. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2020.558894

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Copyright © 2020 Wong, Lewies, Haigh, Viljoen, Wentzel, Haynes and du Plessis

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Conceptual basis for action of combination of oxidant drug artemisinin and redox drug elesclomol-Cu(II). Immediate ROS generation is triggered by the artemisinin, and is maintained by redox cycling of the metal ion derived from the redox drug. G6PD, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase; NADPH, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate; FAD, flavin adenine dinucleotide; TrxR, thioredoxin reductase; GR, glutathione reductase; Fre, flavin reductase; GSH, glutathione; GSSG, oxidized glutathione; ROS, reactive oxygen species; O₂-, superoxide; SOD, superoxide dismutase; HO,. hydroxyl radical.