Table 3.

Membrane integrity of normal keratinocyte HaCat and melanoma A375 cells after exposure to artemisinin derivatives.^a

Compounds and Combinationsb	HaCat(% LDH release)	A375 (% LDH release)	Fold increase in LDH release
Artemisinin 2	18 ± 0.84	24 ± 0.96	1.3
Artemisone 4	19 ± 0.79	27 ± 0.81	1.4
Elesclomol-Cu(II) 1-Cu	16 ± 0.79	21 ± 0.94	1.3
Sulfasalazine 8	35 ± 1.02	21 ± 0.96	0.6
Etoposide 9	7 ± 0.31	11 ± 0.56	1.5
Artemisone 4 + Elesclomol 1-Cu	20 ± 0.87	28 ± 0.87	1.4
Geranylpiperazine-DHA 6	17 ± 0.95	68 ± 0.91	4.0
6 +Elesclomol 1-Cu	24 ± 0.67	61 ± 1.12	2.5
6 +Sulfasalazine 8	59 ± 1.03	55 ± 1.03	0.9
6 + Etoposide 9	26 ± 0.56	64 ± 1.12	2.4
Farnesylpiperazine-DHA 7	18 ± 0.67	57 ± 1.21	3.1
7 +Elesclomol 1-Cu	31 ± 0.37	83 ± 1.24	2.6
7 +Sulfasalazine 8	48 ± 0.50	49 ± 0.64	1.0
7 + Etoposide 9	31 ± 0.65	26 ± 0.61	0.8

^aResults are reported as %LDH release from three independent biological replicates, each performed as technical replicates ± standard deviation (SD).

^bCompounds were administered at their IC₅₀ concentrations. All combinations were administered in a 1:1 ratio.