Fig. 3.

Adherence of patient-centred symptom-directed rate or rhythm control with smart devices using mAFA (B criterion of ABC pathway).

* P < 0.001, compared among the adherence strata. There were 842 atrial fibrillation patients using photoplethysmography-based smart devices focused on ‘B’ criterion (Better symptom management): 70.8% had management adherence (monitoring time/follow-up since initial monitoring) of ≥ 70%, with the persistence of use of 91.7%.

mAFA: mobile atrial fibrillation Application.