Table 4. Prevalence of Binge Drinking, by Internet Use, Difference in Prevalence, Bias, and Relative Bias, by Demographic Characteristics, BRFSS, 2017a .
| Characteristic | % (95% CI) |
|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| All Adults [P] | Internet Users [P I] | Noninternet Users [P NI] | Difference [P I − P NI] | Bias of Undercoverage When Only Internet Users Were Included [P I – P] | Relative Bias [(P I – P)/P] | |
| Overall | 17.1 (16.9 to 17.4) | 18.6 (18.3 to 18.8) | 9.0 (8.5 to 9.5) | 9.6 (9.0 to 10.2) | 1.4 (1.1 to 1.7) | 8.4 (6.6 to 10.2) |
| Age, y | ||||||
| 18–34 | 26.5 (25.8 to 27.1) | 26.9 (26.3 to 27.6) | 14.3 (11.8 to 17.2) | 12.6 (9.9 to 15.4) | 0.5 (−0.2 to 1.1) | 1.8 (−0.6 to 4.3) |
| 35–44 | 20.8 (20.1 to 21.6) | 21.3 (20.5 to 22.1) | 14.8 (12.4 to 17.6) | 6.5 (3.7 to 9.2) | 0.5 (−0.3 to 1.3) | 2.3 (−1.5 to 6.1) |
| 45–54 | 17.1 (16.5 to 17.8) | 17.3 (16.6 to 18.0) | 16.0 (14.2 to 18.1) | 1.3 (−0.8 to 3.3) | 0.2 (−0.5 to 0.8) | 0.9 (−3.1 to 4.9) |
| 55–64 | 11.7 (11.2 to 12.2) | 11.8 (11.3 to 12.4) | 11.2 (10.2 to 12.3) | 0.6 (−0.5 to 1.7) | 0.1 (−0.4 to 0.6) | 1.0 (−3.5 to 5.5) |
| 65–74 | 6.9 (6.5 to 7.4) | 6.9 (6.5 to 7.4) | 6.9 (6.0 to 8.0) | 0 (−1.1 to 1.1) | 0 (−0.4 to 0.5) | 0 (−6.4 to 6.5) |
| ≥75 | 2.6 (2.3 to 2.9) | 2.9 (2.5 to 3.3) | 2.3 (1.9 to 2.7) | 0.6 (0 to 1.2) | 0.3 (−0.1 to 0.7) | 12.2 (−3.2 to 27.6) |
| Sex | ||||||
| Men | 22.3 (21.9 to 22.7) | 23.6 (23.1 to 24.1) | 14.5 (13.6 to 15.5) | 9.1 (8.0 to 10.1) | 1.3 (0.9 to 1.8) | 5.9 (3.8 to 8.1) |
| Women | 12.3 (12.0 to 12.6) | 13.8 (13.4 to 14.2) | 4.0 (3.5 to 4.5) | 9.8 (9.2 to 10.4) | 1.5 (1.2 to 1.9) | 12.2 (9.2 to 15.3) |
| Race/ethnicity | ||||||
| Non-Hispanic white | 17.8 (17.6 to 18.1) | 19.3 (18.9 to 19.6) | 7.8 (7.3 to 8.4) | 11.4 (10.8 to 12.1) | 1.4 (1.1 to 1.7) | 7.9 (6.1 to 9.8) |
| Non-Hispanic black | 13.4 (12.7 to 14.2) | 14.4 (13.6 to 15.3) | 9.9 (8.6 to 11.4) | 4.5 (2.9 to 6.1) | 1.0 (0.1 to 1.8) | 7.4 (0.8 to 14.0) |
| Hispanic | 18.8 (17.9 to 19.7) | 21.3 (20.2 to 22.4) | 10.7 (9.3 to 12.2) | 10.7 (8.8 to 12.5) | 2.5 (1.5 to 3.6) | 13.4 (7.4 to 19.5) |
| Non-Hispanic other | 13.7 (12.7 to 14.7) | 14.1 (13.0 to 15.2) | 9.7 (7.8 to 12.0) | 4.4 (2.0 to 6.7) | 0.4 (−0.7 to 1.5) | 3.0 (−5.1 to 11.0) |
| Education | ||||||
| <High school diploma | 13.6 (12.8 to 14.5) | 17.6 (16.4 to 18.8) | 8.8 (7.9 to 9.8) | 8.7 (7.2 to 10.3) | 4.0 (2.8 to 5.1) | 29.0 (20.0 to 38.0) |
| High school diploma | 16.5 (16.0 to 17.0) | 18.3 (17.7 to 18.9) | 9.5 (8.7 to 10.2) | 8.9 (7.9 to 9.8) | 1.8 (1.2 to 2.4) | 11.0 (7.3 to 14.7) |
| Some college | 18.4 (17.9 to 18.9) | 19.3 (18.7 to 19.8) | 8.8 (7.7 to 10.0) | 10.5 (9.3 to 11.8) | 0.9 (0.3 to 1.4) | 4.7 (1.6 to 7.8) |
| ≥College | 17.9 (17.5 to 18.3) | 18.2 (17.8 to 18.7) | 7.3 (5.8 to 9.1) | 11.0 (9.2 to 12.7) | 0.4 (−0.1 to 0.8) | 2.0 (−0.5 to 4.4) |
| Living below federal poverty level (FPL) | ||||||
| <100% FPL | 14.9 (14.1 to 15.7) | 16.9 (15.9 to 18.0) | 10.1 (8.8 to 11.5) | 6.8 (5.1 to 8.6) | 2.0 (1.0 to 3.1) | 13.7 (6.4 to 20.9) |
| 100%–199% FPL | 14.5 (13.9 to 15.1) | 16.6 (15.8 to 17.3) | 8.4 (7.5 to 9.4) | 8.1 (6.9 to 9.3) | 2.1 (1.3 to 2.8) | 14.1 (8.8 to 19.5) |
| ≥200% FPL | 19.3 (18.9 to 19.7) | 19.9 (19.5 to 20.3) | 11.1 (9.8 to 12.4) | 8.8 (7.5 to 10.2) | 0.6 (0.1 to 1.0) | 2.9 (0.6 to 5.2) |
| Unknown | 16.1 (15.7 to 16.6) | 17.9 (17.3 to 18.4) | 7.4 (6.7 to 8.2) | 10.4 (9.5 to 11.4) | 1.7 (1.2 to 2.3) | 10.7 (7.2 to 14.2) |
Abbreviation: BRFSS, Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System.
a
Data are from 402,578 respondents in all 50 states and the District of Columbia who completed BRFSS questions in 2017 on internet use, self-reported health, current smoking, and alcohol use.