Table 3.
Health problems according to living situation and genotype
| Missing | PWS Homea, N = 23 | Non-PWS homeb, N = 61 | Familyc, N = 28 | P-value | Deletion, N = 64 | mUPD, N = 41 | P-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, median [IQR] | 0 | 26 [21–32] | 36 [28–50] | 19 [19–22] | <0.001 | 28 [21–36] | 32 [21–49] | 0.2 |
| BMI, median [IQR] | 0 | 27 [22–30] | 30 [27–40] | 28 [26–36] | 0.004 | 31 [26–38] | 29 [25–34] | 0.3 |
| Undiagnosed health problemsd | ||||||||
| At least one | 9 (39%) | 44 (72%) | 15 (54%) | 0.16 | 37 (58%) | 25 (61%) | 0.7 | |
| At least two | 2 (9%) | 19 (31%) | 5 (18%) | 14 (22%) | 12 (29%) | |||
| Three or more | 2 (9%) | 4 (7%) | 4 (14%) | 6 (9%) | 3 (7%) | |||
| Hypogonadism | ||||||||
| Male (n = 56) | 2 | 9 (100%) | 28 (100%) | 15 (100%) | NAe | 27 (100%) | 19 (100%) | NAe |
| Female (n = 59) | 16f | 10 (100%) | 20 (87%) | 10 (100%) | 0.2 | 25 (93%) | 14 (93%) | 0.9 |
| Hypothyroidism | 0 | 4 (17%) | 12 (20%) | 3 (11%) | 0.6 | 11 (17%) | 7 (17%) | 0.99 |
| Type 2 diabetes mellitus | 2 | 2 (9%) | 13 (22%) | 3 (11%) | 0.2 | 8 (13%) | 10 (24%) | 0.1 |
| Hypertension | 3 | 0 (0%) | 17 (29%) | 2 (7%) | 0.002 | 9 (15%) | 8 (20%) | 0.5 |
| Hypercholesterolemia | 2 | 4 (17%) | 15 (25%) | 2 (7%) | 0.1 | 11 (17%) | 8 (20%) | 0.7 |
| Scoliosis | 3 | 18 (78%) | 44 (76%) | 19 (68%) | 0.6 | 51 (81%) | 23 (59%) | 0.02 |
| Vitamin D deficiency | 46g | 14 (88%) | 22 (85%) | 16 (64%) | NAh | 33 (80%) | 19 (76%) | NAh |
Data are presented as n (% of total). P-values <0.05 are bold.
Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index; IQR, interquartile range; mUPD, maternal uniparental disomy; PWS, Prader-Willi syndrome.
a Patients living in a specialized Prader-Willi syndrome group home.
b Patients living in a non-specialized group home.
c Patients living with family.
d Undiagnosed health problems are hypogonadism, hypothyroidism, type 2 diabetes mellitus, hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, scoliosis, and vitamin D deficiency.
e Not applicable, as hypogonadism is present in 100%, regardless of patient characteristics.
f (Caregivers of) 16 female patients did not recall whether they had had a normal menstrual cycle before the start of oral contraceptives or before reaching menopausal age.
g In 2 patients, vitamin D was not measured, and 44 patients used vitamin D supplementation before the screening, but it was unknown whether they had low vitamin D values before the start of vitamin D supplementation.
h A P-value could not be calculated due to selective missings.