Table 1.

Means (M), standard deviations (SD), Cronbach’s alpha (α) and correlations among variables

	M	SD	α	DASS-21a	GHQ-12b	SECc
Character strengths
Appreciation of beauty	20.03	2.89	0.78	0.03	−0.05	0.11*
Bravery	18.31	3.20	0.80	−0.10*	−0.08	0.20*
Creativity	18.26	3.41	0.87	−0.10	−0.15*	0.25*
Curiosity	17.90	3.30	0.82	−0.22*	−0.24*	0.37*
Fairness	19.67	2.64	0.73	−0.01	0.01	0.09
Forgiveness	17.36	3.76	0.83	−0.21*	−0.10*	0.17*
Gratitude	18.88	3.35	0.84	−0.27*	−0.25*	0.34*
Honesty	21.31	2.33	0.78	−0.13*	−0.07	0.26*
Hope	17.50	3.56	0.78	−0.40*	−0.31*	0.43*
Humility	17.56	3.25	0.75	−0.06	−0.03	0.10*
Humor	18.63	3.34	0.81	−0.07	−0.14*	0.14*
Judgment	20.48	2.65	0.77	−0.02	−0.02	0.11*
Kindness	20.65	2.58	0.80	−0.06	−0.04	0.12*
Leadership	17.99	3.04	0.79	−0.06	−0.08	0.16*
Love	19.38	3.28	0.79	−0.23*	−0.17*	0.28*
Love of learning	17.58	3.61	0.78	−0.04	−0.10*	0.19*
Perseverance	18.88	3.41	0.87	−0.26*	−0.16*	0.37*
Perspective	17.75	3.20	0.82	−0.03	−0.04	0.13*
Prudence	17.71	3.29	0.79	−0.11*	−0.04	0.13*
Self-regulation	16.77	3.52	0.71	−0.22*	−0.17*	0.30*
Social intelligence	18.63	2.70	0.70	−0.09	−0.10*	0.19*
Spirituality	15.29	4.09	0.79	−0.24*	−0.22*	0.28*
Teamwork	18.31	2.70	0.68	−0.15*	−0.11*	0.16*
Zest	17.27	3.54	0.83	−0.35*	−0.31*	0.44*
DASS-21	15.10	10.70	0.96	1.00	0.54*	−0.52*
GHQ-12	17.01	4.90	0.79	0.54*	1.00	−0.58*
SEC	15.06	3.99	0.85	−0.52*	−0.58*	1.00

* = p < .002

For all tables: DASS-21 = Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scales-21; GHQ-12 = General Health Questionnaire-12; SEC = Self-Efficacy measure for Covid-19. ^ahigher values indicate greater distress; ^bhigher values indicate worse mental health than usual; ^chigher values indicate higher self-efficacy