Table 1.
Demographic and clinical characteristics.
| Patients, n (%) unless noted |
aNSCLC (n = 862) |
aMel (n = 742) |
aUC (n = 609) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age at CPI start date, median (IQR) | 69.0 (61.3–76.0) | 69.0 (59.0–77.0) | 74.0 (67.0–80.0) |
| Male | 466 (54) | 520 (70) | 450 (74) |
|
Smoking historya Yes No |
759 (88) 100 (12) |
N/A N/A |
436 (72) 163 (27) |
|
Race/ethnicity Non-Hispanic White Non-Hispanic Black or African American Non-Hispanic Asian or other Hispanic or Latino Missing |
604 (70) 59 (7) 85 (10) 28 (3) 86 (10) |
629 (85) 4 (1) 37 (5) 11 (2) 61 (8) |
447 (73) 26 (4) 46 (8) 29 (5) 61 (10) |
|
Practice typeb Academic Community |
88 (10) 774 (90) |
131 (18) 611 (82) |
31 (5) 578 (95) |
|
ECOG performance status 0–1 2+ Missing |
468 (54) 133 (16) 261 (30) |
357 (48) 80 (11) 305 (41) |
343 (56) 142 (23) 124 (21) |
|
Stage at initial diagnosis 0–II III IIIA IIIB IV Missing |
103 (12) 11 (1) 86 (10) 93 (11) 551 (64) 18 (2) |
233 (31) 59 (8) 19 (3) 42 (6) 226 (30) 163 (22) |
53 (9) 36 (6) N/A N/A 222 (36) 298 (49) |
|
Modified Charlson Comorbidity Index score 0 1 2+ |
411 (48) 335 (39) 116 (14) |
540 (73) 113 (15) 89 (12) |
302 (50) 203 (33) 104 (17) |
|
Number of unique organ sites of metastases at or prior to first CPI None 1 2 ≥ 3 |
61 (7) 331 (38) 244 (28) 226 (26) |
53 (7) 251 (34) 186 (25) 252 (34) |
32 (5) 273 (45) 157 (26) 147 (24) |
|
Metastatic sites prior to first CPI Liver Bone Lung Brain Lymph nodes |
173 (20) 356 (41) 406 (47) 181 (21) 168 (20) |
194 (26) 195 (26) 423 (57) 172 (23) 218 (29) |
157 (26) 193 (32) 209 (34) 15 (3) 353 (58) |
|
PD-L1/PD-1 statusc Positive Negative Unknown/pending/equivocal//missing |
104 (12) 101 (12) 657 (76) |
22 (3) 33 (4) 687 (93) |
20 (3) 41 (7) 548 (90) |
|
First CPI line of therapy 1 L 2 L 3 L+ |
163 (19) 477 (55) 222 (26) |
653 (88) 73 (10) 16 (2) |
178 (29) 340 (56) 91 (15) |
| Number of CPI administrations/orders, median (IQR)d | 6 (4–14) | 6 (4–15) | 4 (2–9) |
| Follow-up time from CPI start date to end of follow-up (IQR), monthse | 7.6 (3.2–13.5) |
11.4 (4.7–19.8) |
5.0 (2.4–9.9) |
|
Mean CPI dose during baseline, mgf Nivolumab Pembrolizumab Atezolizumab |
227 185 1200 |
243g 172 N/A |
236 197 1199 |
|
Recorded CS useh Ever CS use Prior to baseline Baseline (bCS) |
821 (95) 747 (87) 258 (30) |
500 (67) 120 (16) 182 (25) |
527 (87) 486 (80) 116 (19) |
|
Type of bCS usei Oral only IM or IV administration only Oral + IM or IV |
(n = 258) 110 (43) 93 (36) 55 (21) |
(n = 182) 97 (53) 53 (29) 32 (18) |
(n = 116) 36 (31) 62 (53) 18 (16) |
|
Specific bCS usei,j Dexamethasone Prednisone Methylprednisolone |
342 (63) 94 (17) 65 (12) |
214 (58) 82 (22) 49 (13) |
152 (73) 34 (16) 16 (8) |
1L, first-line; 2L, second-line; 3L, third-line; ALP, alkaline phosphatase; aMel, advanced melanoma; aNSCLC, advanced non-small-cell lung cancer; aUC, advanced urothelial carcinoma; CS, corticosteroid; CPI, immune checkpoint inhibitor; ECOG, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group; Hb, hemoglobin; HR, hazard ratio; IM, intramuscular; IQR, interquartile range; IV, intravenous; N/A, not available; OS, overall survival.
aSmoking status is not collected from medical records for patients with aMel. Data were missing for < 4 patients with aNSCLC and 10 patients with aUC.
bAcademic practice type was comprised of EHR system records from National Cancer Institute-Designated Cancer Centers.
cPD-L1/PD-1 status determined through abstraction of the EHR for any clinical/pathological notes or data on expression/staining intensity.
dCombination treatment of nivolumab + ipilimumab (when given at the same time and on the same date) was counted as 2 CPI administrations; 28% of aMel patients had 2 administrations.
eEnd of follow-up occurred at the earliest of a TTNT event, death, or last visit date in the Flatiron Health database.
fDefined as the mean per-person CPI dose during the baseline period. Approved monotherapy dosing (per OPDIVO, KEYTRUDA, or TECENTRIQ US package inserts during the study period): nivolumab at 240 mg every 2 weeks or 480 mg every 4 weeks; pembrolizumab at 2 mg/kg every 3 weeks or 200 mg every 3 weeks; atezolizumab at 1200 mg every 3 weeks.
gIncludes nivolumab monotherapy only (no ipilimumab + nivolumab combinations for aMel).
hDefined as any time prior to, during, or after CPI treatment. Prior to baseline was defined as > 14 days prior to CPI start date. Baseline CS use was defined as the 14-day period prior to CPI start date and up to 30 days later. During CPI included the duration of the entire line of therapy.
iProportions of patients are based on those who received bCSs.
jPatients could have received > 1 specific bCS.