Table 5.
Poverty depth estimated at the national and subnational levels in Ethiopia
| Poverty gap (Gp)a |
Normalized poverty gap NGpb |
Mean normalized positive poverty gap MNGpc |
|||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Region | Gp gross | Gp net of health payments | Net Gp (mean and SE) | NGp gross (%) | NGp net of health payments (%) | Net NGp (%) (mean and SE) | NGp percentage change | MNGp gross (%) | MNGp net of health payments (%) | MNGp (%) (mean and SE) | MNGp percentage change |
| Tigray | 506 | 518 | 13***(2.2) | 7.0 | 7.2 | 0.18***(0.03) | 2.55 | 26.40 | 26.90 | 0.51***(0.08) | 1.92 |
| Afar | 331 | 386 | 56***(6.4) | 4.6 | 5.4 | 0.77***(0.08) | 16.80 | 17.68 | 19.97 | 2.29***(0.25) | 12.95 |
| Amhara | 473 | 492 | 19***(3.0) | 6.6 | 6.9 | 0.26***(0.04) | 4.01 | 23.55 | 24.30 | 0.75***(0.13) | 3.21 |
| Oromia | 482 | 501 | 19***(2.0) | 6.7 | 7.0 | 0.26***(0.03) | 3.85 | 28.80 | 29.71 | 0.92***(0.08) | 3.18 |
| Somali | 669 | 676 | 7***(1.7) | 9.3 | 9.4 | 0.1***(0.02) | 1.07 | 39.88 | 40.29 | 0.41***(0.09) | 1.03 |
| Benshangul- Gumuz | 407 | 447 | 40***(6.3) | 5.7 | 6.2 | 0.56***(0.09) | 9.90 | 20.81 | 22.81 | 1.99***(0.29) | 9.58 |
| SNNP | 528 | 537 | 9***(1.3) | 7.3 | 7.5 | 0.13***(0.02) | 1.79 | 35.54 | 36.09 | 0.55***(0.06) | 1.55 |
| Gambella | 416 | 434 | 18***(3.5) | 5.8 | 6.0 | 0.25***(0.05) | 4.25 | 25.28 | 26.29 | 1.01***(0.02) | 4.01 |
| Harari | 251 | 259 | 7***(1.8) | 3.5 | 3.6 | 0.1***(0.02) | 2.94 | 38.62 | 39.76 | 1.14***(0.22) | 2.94 |
| Addis Ababa | 268 | 279 | 11***(1.4) | 3.7 | 3.9 | 0.16***(0.02) | 4.26 | 23.47 | 24.30 | 0.84***(0.09) | 3.57 |
| Dire Dawa | 265 | 276 | 12***(3.2) | 3.7 | 3.8 | 0.16***(0.05) | 4.35 | 23.91 | 24.66 | 0.75***(0.17) | 3.12 |
| National Average | 488 | 504 | 16***(1.1) | 6.8 | 7.0 | 0.23***(0.01) | 3.38 | 28.54 | 29.33 | 0.79***(0.06) | 2.78 |
Poverty gap is calculated in monetary value by averaging out the difference between poverty line and per adult equivalent household consumption taking poverty gap zero for non-poor households.
Normalized poverty gap is constructed by dividing poverty gap to poverty line for international comparison purpose. This metric avoids the effect of currency and difference in poverty line.
Mean normalized positive poverty gap measures normalized poverty gap among the poor. Comparing the percentage change in mean normalized positive poverty gap to mean percentage change in normalized poverty gap will inform if the poor are getting poorer than the general households, as a result of OOP payments.
Significance level:
P < 0.05;
P < 0.01;
P < 0.001.