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. 2020 Oct 13;10:17069. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-74075-z

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© The Author(s) 2020

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Two distinct brain networks dissociate dreaming experience from no experience during NREM sleep. (A) Microstate 3, which was dominant during DE, was mainly localized in the medial and medial frontal gyrus, the anterior cingulate and the middle temporal gyrus. (B) Microstate 4, which was reduced in DE compared to NE, was mainly localized in occipital brain areas (cuneus and lingual gyrus), but also in the thalamus extending to the midbrain of the brainstem. (C) Statistical comparison of the two source distributions of microstates 3 and 4 was compared by paired randomization tests in the source space across participants. There was significantly more involvement of the medial and middle frontal gyrus and the middle temporal gyrus for microstate 3 and of the occipital cortex and the thalamus for microstate 4. An increased presence of a microstate during NREM sleep is interpreted as increased local deactivation.