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. 2020 Sep 30;8:563316. doi: 10.3389/fcell.2020.563316

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Copyright © 2020 Liu, Tang, Yang, Deng, Xu, Xu, Peng, Wang, Fang, Kuang and Li.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Increased tubulogenic capacity of LCSCs under in vitro EGM induction. (A) No tube formation was observed in LCSCs cultured with SCM medium (left panel); however, tube formation could be observed at the 3rd hour of the experiment, and it fully developed to a complex mesh-like structure at the 6^th hour in EGM-induced LCSCs (right panel). (B) Pattern recognition for tubulogenesis of LCSCs induced with EGM (i–iv). Arrowhead: cell alignment. Arrow: sprouting capillaries. Star: closed polygon. (C) Quantified analysis of tubulogenic capacity in each group according to the “pattern recognition” (left) and “branch point counting” (right). ^****P < 0.0001. Scale bar: 100 μm.