Table 1.
Characteristics of included studies in the systematic-meta analyses review
| Number | Mean STORBE score | Year | Country | First author | Study design | Sample size | Sample type | Organophosphate type | Confounding factors |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 18 | 2017 | Taiwan | YU- FUNG HUANG | Cohort | 162 | Maternal Urine | DMPs (DMP, DMTP, DMDTP), DEPs (DEP, DETP, DEDTP) | Maternal age, prepregnancy BMI, gestational age, weight gain, infant sex, parity, and adverse pregnancy outcomes |
| 2 | 19 | 2014 | Greece | D.Koutroulakis | Cohort | 415 | Amniotic fluid | DMP, DEP, DMTP, DETP, DEDTP | Maternal age, agricultural activities, gestational week at sampling and neonatal gender |
| 3 | 22 | 2018 | Denmark | Louise Dalsager | cohort | 858 | Maternal Urine | DAP, DMPs (DMP,DMTP, DMDTP), DEPs (DEP, DETP, DEDTP) | Education, BMI, smoking, gestational age |
| 4 | 20 | 2004 | USA | Brenda Eskenazi | cohort | 488 | Maternal Urine | DAP, DMP, DEP, MDA, chlorpyrifos, parathion, ChE, BChE | Timing of urine collection, timing of entry into prenatal care, maternal age, parity, country of birth, poverty level, infant sex, weight gain, BMI, gestational age, |
| 5 | 22 | 2019 | Netherlands | Kelly K. Ferguson | Cohort | 784 | Maternal Urine | DAP, DMP, DEP | Age, prepregnancy weight, height, education level, ethnicity, parity, smoking, alcohol use, folic acid use, gestational age at ultrasound or delivery |
| 6 | 19 | 2015 | Thailand | Warangkana Naksen | Pilot study | 59 | Maternal Urine | DMP, DMTP, DMDTP, DEP, DETP, DEDTP | Maternal age, preprenancy BMI, weight gain and gestational age |
| 7 | 22 | 2011 | USA | Kim G. Harley | Longitudinal cohort | 467 | Maternal urine | DAPs (DMP, DMDTP, DMTP), DEPs (DEP, DEDTP, DETP) | Timing of urine collection, timing of entry into prenatal care, maternal age, parity, country of birth and household income prepregnancy BMI, maternal weight gain, infant sex, gestational age |
| 8 | 20 | 2007 | USA | MARY S. WOLFF | Cohort | 404 | Maternal blood | DEDP, DMDP, DMTP | Maternal age, race/ethnicity, maternal BMI *Pregnancy weight gain, infant sex, and gestational age |
| 9 | 21 | 2012 | USA | Stephen A. Rauch | Birth cohort | 344 | Maternal urine | DMP, DMTP, DMDTP | Maternal race , gestational age |
| 10 | 19 | 2012 | china | Pei Wang | Cross sectional | 187 | Maternal urine | DMP, DMTP, DEP, DETP, DEDTP | Gestational age, maternal height, pregnancy weight gain and family income |
DEPs=Diethyl phosphates; DETP=Diethyl thiophosphate; DEDTP=Dimethyl dithiophosphate; DMTP=Dimethyl thiophosphate; DMDTP=Dimethyl thiophosphate; DMP=Dimethyl phosphate; DAP=Dialkyl phosphates; BMI=Body mass index; MDA=Dicarboxylic acid; BChE=Butyryl cholinesterase; ChE=Cholinesterase