Table 3.
Baseline Variables Associated with Respiratory Failure among Patients with COVID-19.
| Variable* | Respiratory failure |
|||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Univariate |
Multivariate† |
|||
| HR (95 % CI) | P | HR (95 % CI) | P | |
| Age (>60 vs. ≤ 60 years) |
4.05 (1.47–11.15) | 0.007 | ||
| Sex (Male vs. Female) |
4.71 (1.34–16.53) | 0.016 | ||
| Comorbidity (Yes vs. No) |
3.82 (1.33–10.99) | 0.013 | ||
| Fever (Yes vs. No) |
1.17 (0.38–3.61) | 0.791 | ||
| Dyspnea (Yes vs. No) |
4.95 (1.80–13.61) | 0.002 | 3.97 (1.34–11.79) | 0.013 |
| Diarrhea (Yes vs. No) |
3.36 (0.96–11.80) | 0.058 | ||
| C-reactive protein (>10 vs. ≤ 10 mg/L) |
3.46 (1.10–10.87) | 0.034 | ||
| ALT elevation (Yes vs. No) |
0.39 (0.51–2.96) | 0.362 | ||
| Increased LDH (Yes vs. No) |
2.68 (0.97–7.40) | 0.057 | ||
| CD4/CD8 ratio | 1.19 (1.07–1.32) | 0.001 | 1.24 (1.07–1.44) | 0.005 |
| Pneumonia (Yes vs. No) |
0.71 (0.16–3.13) | 0.651 | ||
| Detectable viral RNA in anal swabs and/or blood samples (Yes vs. No) |
22.08 (4.98–97.94) | <0.001 | 17.91 (3.90–82.20) | <0.001 |
*
HR denotes hazard ratio, Cl confidence interval, ALT alanine transaminase, LDH lactate dehydrogenase.
†
Factors associated with severe/critical status were analyzed by Cox regression model (forward LR).